unit 4

Question 1

Nation

Answer 1

A community of people bound to a homeland and possessing a common identity based on shared cultural traits such as language, ethnicity, and religion

Question 2

Nation-state

Answer 2

when the boarders of the nation match the boarders of the state, a state with (ideally) one nation within it (Japan = 98% Japanese, no real examples)

Question 3

Nationalism

Answer 3

Sense of belonging to and self-identifying with a national culture; people with a strong sense of nationalism derive a significant part of their social identity from a sense of belonging to a nation

Question 4

Stateless nation

Answer 4

An ethnic group or nation that does not possess its own state and is not the majority population in any nation-state (Kurds)

Question 5

Multinational states

Answer 5

A country containing multiple national, ethnic, and religious groups within its boundaries

Question 6

Multistate nation

Answer 6

Ethnic groups territorially divided by one or more international boundaries

Question 7

Autonomous region

Answer 7

A subdivision or dependent territory of a country that has a degree of self-government, or autonomy, in its decision making

Question 8

Semiautonomous region

Answer 8

A subdivision or dependent territory of a country that has some degree of, but not complete, self-government

Question 9

Sovereignty

Answer 9

A states authority to control its territory and govern itself

Question 10

Territoriality

Answer 10

The control and influence over a specific geographic space often includes aspects of historical and cultural links, governments, economies, boundaries, sovereignty, defense/ military

Question 11

Political power

Answer 11

Control over people, land, and resources

Question 12

Neocolonialism

Answer 12

The use of economic political cultural or other pressures in order to control or influence other countries

Question 13

Shatterbelts

Answer 13

Instability within a region that is geographically located between states with overlapping territoriality and political power

Question 14

Choke points

Answer 14

A narrow passage that restricts traffic to another region, can be closed or blocked to stop sea traffic

Question 15

Antecedent boundary

Answer 15

Boarders that are established before there has been major settlement by people in a territory (49th parallel us and canada)

Question 16

Subsequent boundary

Answer 16

A political boundary that developed with the cultural landscape

Question 17

Relic boundary

Answer 17

A boundary that no longer functions as an international border

Question 18

Superimposed boundary

Answer 18

A boundary that is placed on an area without regard to existing boundaries

Question 19

Geometric boundary

Answer 19

A boundary that has regular, often perfectly straight, lines drawn without regard for an area’s physical or cultural features

Question 20

Consequent boundary

Answer 20

A boundary that is drawn to accommodate existing cultural differences

Question 21

Gerrymandering

Answer 21

The manipulation of voting district boundaries to favor a particular political party, group, or election outcome

Question 22

Packing

Answer 22

Gerrymandering a voting district by concentrating all of the opposition party into one district, thereby creating a large majority of that party in the district while ensuring that it cannot win any election

Question 23

Cracking

Answer 23

Gerrymandering a voting district by dividing opposition votes into many districts, thus diluting the opposition’s vote to ensure it does not form a majority in any district

Question 24

EEZ

Answer 24

Exclusive economic Zone that extends 200 nautical miles from shoreline in which coastal states have the sole right to exploit, develop, manage, and conserve all water resources lying beyond the land

Question 25

Supernatiomalism

Answer 25

Occurs when a collection of nation-states and their citizens relinquish some sovereign rights to a larger-scale body that exercises authority over its member states

Question 26

Uneven development

Answer 26

Occurs when core states have advanced economies and a high standard of living while peripheral states have relatively little industrial development, simple production systems based mostly on raw materials, and low levels of consumption of manufactured goods

Question 27

Irredentism

Answer 27

The political claim to territory in another country based on ethnic affiliations and historic borders

Question 28

Subnational state

Answer 28

The smaller areas into which a larger state is divided (e.g., states in the United States, provinces in Canada)

Question 29

Unitary state

Answer 29

An independent state that concentrates power in the central government and grants little or no authority to its subnational units

Question 30

Federal state

Answer 30

An independent country that disperses significant authority among subnational units

Question 31

Democratization

Answer 31

Occurs when a sovereign state moves from a non-democracy to a democracy

Question 32

Allegiance

Answer 32

Loyalty or commitment to a country