unit 4 Flashcards
In the studies by Noyes and his colleagues, the dimension in which one has a feeling that thoughts are either more vivid or more dull, and either more speeded up or more blurred, is called ______.
hyperalertness
The autoscopic experience refers to:
an out-of-the-body experience
Ian Stevenson’s typical “case suggestive of reincarnation” starts when the person who claims to be reincarnated is around the age of ______ years old.
2 to 4
Which religion is most closely associated with a Book of Deeds which will be consulted at the time of judgment to determine whether one goes to paradise or torment?
Islam
Which of the following are commonly reported by people who have had near-death experiences?
all of the above
The lesson of the myth of Orpheus and Eurydice is that:
the dead cannot come back to life
The Jewish survival belief that “Yahweh is the god of life—and this life is all that we have” is associated with the:
Sadducees
Heaven and hell are both real places, according to ______ respondents to a recent Fox News survey.
more than two out of three
Which of the following most closely matches Moody’s own conclusions about near-death experiences (NDEs)?
NDEs cannot provide scientific evidence of an afterlife.
The ______ Ghost Dance was intended to ______.
Native American; allow Native Americans to survive conquest by white people.
Another word for “ghost” is:
apparition
The lesson of the ancient Gilgamesh myth is that:
no human will ever escape death
Which of the following was NOT found by Osis and his colleagues in their studies of “deathbed escorts”?
The visitations always seemed to be welcomed by the patients.
“Bridey Murphy” is a famous case of:
past life regression proven to be false
Cardiologist Michael B. Sabom’s NDE study is of special interest because he and his colleagues:
compared NDE reports with actual events in the operating room
The primary near death experience (NDE), as described by Moody, typically includes some or all of the following components EXCEPT a sensation of:
returning to childhood
Which of the following is NOT consistent with the research findings from a study of cardiac arrest patients in the Netherlands?
Only a few patients were unable to report any memories.
In his search for evidence on the reincarnation question, Stevenson has recently published a set of cases in which:
there is a close match between the fatal wounds suffered by a deceased person and marks found on a child at birth
Cardiologist Michael Sabom found that near-death experiences showed:
no relationship to age, gender, socioeconomic status, or cause of the crisis
Which of the following is NOT consistent with reports of near-death experiences?
Almost all people who have had close encounters with death have also had NDEs.
Individuals representing the “New Age” movement are more inclined to believe that:
there is no death
Which of the following statements about the current status of cloning research is NOT accurate?
Cloning of tadpoles and sheep have a high rate of success.
A psychopomp is a:
grim reaper
Which is NOT true of the changes in the writing and thinking about hell?
The Jesuits emphasized isolation and eternal loneliness in hell.
Which of the following statements reflects the Jewish survival belief that was closest to what would become the Christian interpretation?
There is a spiritual rather than a physical afterlife in which the soul contemplates death.
The belief that those who were great and powerful in this life will also be celebrated in the afterlife is consistent with the ______ theme.
conservation
Studies conducted by psychiatrist Russell Noyes, Jr. and his colleagues have found which of the following major characteristics in experiences reported by people who survived a variety of life-threatening crises?
All of the above
Reports of near-death experiences and G-LOC have the sensation of ______ in common.
all of the above
Which of the following statements is NOT consistent with the findings of Glen Gabbard and Stuart Twemlow?
NDEs are found mostly in people with symptoms of mental disease.
The Jewish survival belief that “there is a spiritual rather than a physical afterlife in which the individual soul contemplates God” is associated with the:
Essenes
A less obvious sign of burnout is:
reduced immune function
elevated blood pressure
Many counselors believe that one of the most important goals to set with clients who have had death come into their lives is to help them:
draw on their own inner strengths
Manion (2005) reported that many physicians and nurses patrolling the borderline between life and death:
would not recommend professions in health care to their own children
When taking a course on death, students should look for an instructor that:
has the emotional, intellectual, and professional expertise to foster a “deep learning” experience that may involve interactions and activities that extend beyond the classroom
Vachon’s study of 600 health-care professionals who worked in death-salient situations found that the primary source of stress leading to burnout stemmed from:
the work environment and related occupational roles
Coined by Figley (1995), another term for burnout in the health-care profession is:
compassion fatigue
In the study of hospice staff conducted by Addington-Hall and Karlsen (2005), about half of the staff was considering leaving because of:
lack of support from management
According to Beatrice Kastenbaum, a pioneer in the hospice movement, nursing students worry about:
having a patient die
if they will be responsible for the patient’s death
what they will feel if a patient’s death occurs
Iserson suggests that when notifying survivors about a sudden, unexpected loss, it is best to:
use one of the “D” words for clear and accurate communication
According to Kastenbaum, individuals who provide counseling or psychotherapy in death-related situations would be wise to select an approach that is in harmony with:
the caregiver’s own personality
The term “death education” did not become a recognizable part of American society until:
during the 1960s
ADEC refers to the:
Association for Death Education and Counseling
An obvious sign of burnout is:
self-criticism
Which of the following themes was NOT supported in the Ars moriendi guidebooks?
A good death stems from ignoring death.
Which of the following is NOT one of Kastenbaum’s recommendations to health-care workers for how to protect themselves from burnout?
Reduce the amount of decision-making on the job
The danse macabre theme was a depiction of:
death as a skeletal figure who laid claim to all mortal souls and solemnly led the living away
“Books of the dead” refers to:
ancient documents from Tibet and dynastic Egypt that offered detailed accounts of what becomes of the soul after death and what preparations should be made for a safe passage
Which of the following is NOT a finding from a survey conducted of thanatologists?
Thinking about death has made it difficult for them to enjoy life.
According to Corr and Corr (2003), an example of an adult education program that serves as a community-based resource for bereavement guidance and counseling is:
Widow-to-Widow
During medieval times, death was part of almost every person’s experience from childhood onward, and therefore not hidden from view because:
infections often proved fatal to children and adults
epidemics periodically decimated the population
people were commonly exposed to human and animal corpses
Which of the following was NOT one of Kalish’s concerns regarding death educators?
Priests and physicians will push all death education and counseling needs onto these new professionals
The teachings of the Old Testament and The Arabian Nights:
contrast the power of God with the powerlessness of people
One way Kastenbaum suggested we all can help each other with death-related grief is to:
not feel obligated to leave everything to experts
The person who at one point in time had a dominant role in the mediation of our relationship to death was the:
priest
When working with dying patients, it is important that the worker be conscious of:
transference
countertransference
SimMan was designed to:
accommodate female anatomy
make different breath sounds
make vocal responses regarding pain
All of the following are linked to a higher risk for death in a hospital EXCEPT:
limited training for nurses in how to deliver quality care for terminal patients
The Ars moriendi tradition was concerned mostly with the art of:
dying well
Which of the following statements is NOT a salient feature of the mainstream Christian “death education” lesson?
Death of the body is followed by reincarnation in another body
A good death in Utopia occurs:
when it conforms with the commonwealth’s priorities
with the achievement of dying as a respectable citizen
The number of people with AIDS in India, now at four million, is estimated to increase to ______ million within the next few years.
25
Throughout world history, people often feared growing old because of possible:
infirmity
suffering
abandonment
One way Utopian values of a good death can be affirmed is by:
exposing entire families to battlefield death
All of the following are frames of mind that can be associated with the good death as a transfiguring experience EXCEPT a:
need to avoid spiritual manifestations afflicting one’s life
“Ah, now that you are here, I can die easily” is an example of:
Proposition 3
relationship-affirming death
______ observations led him to the conclusion that life forms are related to each other in a complex web of circumstances.
Darwin’s
Contrary to historical views of the elderly as infirm, active elderly men and women today usually report that they are:
well satisfied with their lives
Which of the following statements about Socrates’ death is most accurate?
He served as a historical model for facing death with equanimity and humor.
He spent his last days discussing the meaning of life and death.
The central position of the ______ theory is “people who consider themselves to have full and satisfying lives are less anxious about death.”
regret
Death as a theme in lullabies has:
become less common in modern times
Which of the following does NOT represent one of Thomas More’s positives for Utopia?
No death
For Weisman, the appropriate death is one that:
would be the death that we would choose for ourselves if we really had a choice
The earliest identifiable mass extinction occurred about ______ years ago, the most recent mass extinction occurred about ______ years ago.
439 million; 65 million
Which of the following have been identified as an example of “the good death”?
Our most significant personal relationships are affirmed.
The highest values of society are affirmed and enacted.
A transfiguring personal experience occurs.
One powerful trend with the potential for weakening our sense of deep connection, including our ability to appreciate the real death of real people, is:
the development of virtual reality
The extinction of all life could be called the supreme act of:
thanatocide
Statistics from the Netherlands (fairly comparable with those of the United States) indicate that roughly only ______ can have much control over the way he or she dies.
one in three people
The terrorist tragedy of the World Trade Center (WTC) towers on September 11, 2001 sent out the following message about death:
that individuality or the individual meant nothing
The ancient “death as enfeebled life” model implied that:
death is not so dramatically different than life
An assumption that people everywhere would fear a death marked by extreme physical, mental, and spiritual suffering is a consideration of:
Proposition 1
A common sentiment among the baby boomers is exemplified by the statement of Billie S., a hospice patient, about death:
Life is a party that is still going on, and I don’t want to go (death as “leaving the party”).
Which of the following does NOT represent one of Kastenbaum’s suggestions for individuals when contemplating a good life or good death?
Live life to the fullest by increasing risk and danger.
Kastenbaum expresses concern that as people become increasingly engrossed in computer-mediated images and icons it will become even easier to:
evade the realization that death is a central fact of life
make decisions that endanger the lives of others through a few key strokes
The notion of heroism as a good death is a consideration of:
Proposition 2
Which of the following is NOT part of John Donne’s Devotion 17?
Each person, no matter how celebrated, dies alone.
Omar Khayyam’s famous eleventh-century verse, “The Moving Finger…” offers the reminder that:
time doesn’t offer us a second chance
Which statement most accurately sums up the current status of time in terms of life and death?
Technology has produced the ability for humans to “shift” time.
Time’s rule has now been challenged.
Byock’s account of his father’s final illness makes all the following points, EXCEPT:
elderly people should not be put on life-support systems
In the nineteenth century, to die in the Civil War represented:
a violation to the conditions of a good death
