Unit 4

Question 1

The condition by which wind distributes heat equally on Venus is termed _____.

Answer 1

isothermal

Question 2

Dust devils are spinning columns of air that leave random patterns of dark streaks on the surface of _____.

Answer 2

Mars

Question 3

The _____ is an inner layer of a planet between its crust and core.

Answer 3

mantle

Question 4

When a body presents only one hemisphere to the object it is orbiting, that body is said to be _____.

Answer 4

tide locked

Question 5

mapped 98% of Venus’ surface

Answer 5

Magellan

Question 6

tested Martian soil; detected no life on Mars

Answer 6

Vikings I and II

Question 7

mapped the entire surface of Mercury

Answer 7

Messenger

Question 8

discovered the difference in speed between high- and low-altitude winds

Answer 8

Venera 8

Question 9

_____ has no magnetic field.

Answer 9

Venus

Question 10

Venus’ clouds have a(n) _____ structure.

Answer 10

layered

Question 11

A(n) _____ day is measured against a star sighting.

Answer 11

sidereal

Question 12

What is the highest mountain on Mars?

Answer 12

Olympus Mons

Question 13

A(n) _____ is an exact opposite.

Answer 13

antipode

Question 14

Craters like _____ are created by meteoric impact.

Answer 14

the Caloris Basin

Question 15

_____ means to grow in brilliance.

Answer 15

Wax

Question 16

_____ has an iron core that generates its magnetic field.

Answer 16

Mercury

Question 17

What is the largest canyon in the solar system?

Answer 17

Valles Marineris

Question 18

_____ is a system of names used in a science.

Answer 18

Nomenclature

Question 19

Because of it brightness, _____ is visible even in daylight.

Answer 19

Venus

Question 20

A(n)_____ day is measured from noon to noon.

Answer 20

apparent

Question 21

_____ is permanently frozen ground.

Answer 21

Permafrost

Question 22

Hydrogen and helium in the atmosphere of _____ are thought to have been captured by incoming solar winds.

Answer 22

Mercury

Question 23

The orbit of _____ is almost perfectly circular.

Answer 23

Venus

Question 24

The soil on _____ is lethal to cells.

Answer 24

Mars

Question 25

_____ means to diminish in brilliance.

Answer 25

Wane

Question 26

The physical features of a region make up its _____.

Answer 26

topography

Question 27

The passage of one body across the disk of another is called a(n) _____.

Answer 27

transit

Question 28

The term for Venus’ east to west rotation is _____.

Answer 28

retrograde

Question 29

Solar ultraviolet radiation converts sulfur dioxide to sulfuric acid. Acid drops in a mist fall into the lower atmosphere, where they mostly evaporate. The vapor transforms into sulfur trioxide, which reacts with carbon monoxide to yield carbon dioxide and more sulfur dioxide.

Answer 29

fast atmospheric cycle

Question 30

Glass permits sunlight to pass through it. When this energy is reflected, its wavelength is lengthened to infrared. Since glass is opaque to infrared, this heat energy remains within the glass structure to measurably warm the interior.

Answer 30

greenhouse effect

Question 31

The cloud tops reflect most of the radiation.

Answer 31

reason why surface temperature

Question 32

_____ means to place in a system of reference.

Answer 32

Codify

Question 33

What is the highest mountain on Venus?

Answer 33

Maxwell Montes

Question 34

discovered the two moons of Mars in 1877.

Answer 34

Asaph Hall

Question 35

discovered Venus’ atmosphere in 1761.

Answer 35

Mikhail Lomonosov

Question 36

made the first telescopic observation of Mercury.

Answer 36

Galiloe Galilei

Question 37

announced the presence of channels on Mars.

Answer 37

Giovanni Schiaparelli

Question 38

first tracked Mercury in solar transit.

Answer 38

Pierre Gassendi

Question 39

discovered that waves shift as a moving source passes a stationary observer.

Answer 39

Christian Doppler