Unit 4 Flashcards
The condition by which wind distributes heat equally on Venus is termed _____.
isothermal
Dust devils are spinning columns of air that leave random patterns of dark streaks on the surface of _____.
Mars
The _____ is an inner layer of a planet between its crust and core.
mantle
When a body presents only one hemisphere to the object it is orbiting, that body is said to be _____.
tide locked
mapped 98% of Venus’ surface
Magellan
tested Martian soil; detected no life on Mars
Vikings I and II
mapped the entire surface of Mercury
Messenger
discovered the difference in speed between high- and low-altitude winds
Venera 8
_____ has no magnetic field.
Venus
Venus’ clouds have a(n) _____ structure.
layered
A(n) _____ day is measured against a star sighting.
sidereal
What is the highest mountain on Mars?
Olympus Mons
A(n) _____ is an exact opposite.
antipode
Craters like _____ are created by meteoric impact.
the Caloris Basin
_____ means to grow in brilliance.
Wax
_____ has an iron core that generates its magnetic field.
Mercury
What is the largest canyon in the solar system?
Valles Marineris
_____ is a system of names used in a science.
Nomenclature
Because of it brightness, _____ is visible even in daylight.
Venus
A(n)_____ day is measured from noon to noon.
apparent
_____ is permanently frozen ground.
Permafrost
Hydrogen and helium in the atmosphere of _____ are thought to have been captured by incoming solar winds.
Mercury
The orbit of _____ is almost perfectly circular.
Venus
The soil on _____ is lethal to cells.
Mars
_____ means to diminish in brilliance.
Wane
The physical features of a region make up its _____.
topography
The passage of one body across the disk of another is called a(n) _____.
transit
The term for Venus’ east to west rotation is _____.
retrograde
Solar ultraviolet radiation converts sulfur dioxide to sulfuric acid. Acid drops in a mist fall into the lower atmosphere, where they mostly evaporate. The vapor transforms into sulfur trioxide, which reacts with carbon monoxide to yield carbon dioxide and more sulfur dioxide.
fast atmospheric cycle
Glass permits sunlight to pass through it. When this energy is reflected, its wavelength is lengthened to infrared. Since glass is opaque to infrared, this heat energy remains within the glass structure to measurably warm the interior.
greenhouse effect
The cloud tops reflect most of the radiation.
reason why surface temperature
_____ means to place in a system of reference.
Codify
What is the highest mountain on Venus?
Maxwell Montes
discovered the two moons of Mars in 1877.
Asaph Hall
discovered Venus’ atmosphere in 1761.
Mikhail Lomonosov
made the first telescopic observation of Mercury.
Galiloe Galilei
announced the presence of channels on Mars.
Giovanni Schiaparelli
first tracked Mercury in solar transit.
Pierre Gassendi
discovered that waves shift as a moving source passes a stationary observer.
Christian Doppler
