Unit 4 Flashcards
_____ is permanently frozen ground.
Permafrost
The term for Venus’ east to west rotation is _____.
retrograde
Hydrogen and helium in the atmosphere of _____ are thought to have been captured by incoming solar winds.
Mercury
What is the highest mountain on Mars?
Olympus Mons
The passage of one body across the disk of another is called a(n) _____.
transit
Dust devils are spinning columns of air that leave random patterns of dark streaks on the surface of _____.
Mars
A(n) _____ is an exact opposite.
antipode
A(n)_____ day is measured from noon to noon.
apparent
Because of it brightness, _____ is visible even in daylight.
Venus
discovered the two moons of Mars in 1877.
Asaph Hall
discovered Venus’ atmosphere in 1761.
Mikhail Lomonosov
made the first telescopic observation of Mercury.
Galileo Galilei
announced the presence of channels on Mars.
Giovanni Schiaparelli
first tracked Mercury in solar transit.
Pierre Gassendi
discovered that waves shift as a moving source passes a stationary observer.
Christian Doppler
The soil on _____ is lethal to cells.
Mars
A(n) _____ day is measured against a star sighting.
sidereal
_____ means to diminish in brilliance.
Wane
The physical features of a region make up its _____.
topography
What is the highest mountain on Venus?
Maxwell Montes
_____ means to place in a system of reference.
Codify
What is the largest canyon in the solar system?
Valles Marineris
mapped 98%
of Venus’ surface
Magellan
tested Martian soil; detected no life on Mars
Vickings I and II
mapped the entire surface of Mercury
Messenger
discovered the difference in speed between high- and low-altitude winds
Venera 8
The Sun dominates the solar system because it contains _____
of all matter.
99.9
The orbit of _____ is almost perfectly circular.
Venus
_____ means to grow in brilliance.
Wax
Craters like _____ are created by meteoric impact.
The Caloris Basin
_____ has no magnetic field.
Mercury
When a body presents only one hemisphere to the object it is orbiting, that body is said to be _____.
tide locked
_____ has an iron core that generates its magnetic field.
Mercury
_____ is a system of names used in a science.
Nomenclature
The _____ is an inner layer of a planet between its crust and core.
mantle
Venus’ clouds have a(n) _____ structure.
layered
The condition by which wind distributes heat equally on Venus is termed _____.
isothermal
