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History > Unit 4 > Flashcards

Unit 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Federalists

A
  • power is divided between central governments and regional
  • more power to central
  • little faith in mass of people
  • some supported British
  • felt economy based on manufacturing and tariffs
  • Alexander Hamiltion
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2
Q

Republicans

A
  • feared strong central government
  • believed in common man
  • though themselves commoners
  • disliked cities and factories, produced farmers
  • James Madison and Thomas Jefferson
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3
Q

Andrew Jackson the Common Man

A
  • american sucess story
  • elected tenesse first rep to congress
  • decisive politicans
  • did not believe in growing states rights
  • Jacksonian demogracy is defined by the political optmism of his time
  • demands of people became heard
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4
Q

Andrew Jackson Mahor changes

A
  • rewrite constitution, extend vote to free white men
  • land of unpreciedented oppurtunity
  • 2 party system emerged Democrats, Whigs/Federalist (republicans)
  • national bank scraped
  • politican became profession
  • education for women promoted
  • Secontalism began to haunt America
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5
Q

Westward Expansion

A
  • powered by manifest densitny
  • persistent widespread racism, non-white people inferior
  • first documented by Lewis and Clark
  • path known as oregon trail
  • moved for personal reasons ( place to farm, goldfields, selling goods)
  • established 49th parrell between Britain and US
  • major lousiana purhcase from Napolean 1803, nearly doubled the size of the nation
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6
Q

Trail of Tears

A
  • 1819 signed treaty no white people on land
  • 1829 Jackson elected president
  • 1830 Indian removal act
  • chained, gunpoint to oklahomo from Georgia and other southern states
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7
Q

Lewis and Clark

A
  • no idea what land is like
  • core of discovery leaders
  • sailed up missouri river 1804
  • goal is to populate
  • number 1 obstacle Rocky Moutians
  • first footsteps to opening the west
  • sakachewa
  • drew map
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8
Q

What was America west like in 1830s

A

Remote, dangerous, unexplored

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9
Q

How many miles lay between Missouri and Pacific Ocean

A

2000

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10
Q

What factors had to be considered when deciding wagon journey?

A
  • best route
  • can women and children make it
  • could it make it over land
  • food?
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11
Q

what was the draw of the Oregon Territory

A

Free land and optimism

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12
Q

What kind of people opted for adventures

A

Farmers

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13
Q

Why did numbers change in 1843

A

Overpopulation and land prices

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14
Q

What dangerous obstacles would families face along the trail

A

Disease, malnutrition, accidental deaths

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15
Q

Why did families leave everything behind for Oregon

A

Industrialization, depression, taxes, water pollution

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16
Q

When did the great human migration begin

A

1843

17
Q

Wagon Contents

A
  • lightly built
  • belongs on either side
  • prized possessions
18
Q

Typical day

A

Early 4 am
Sleeping tents came down
Leave before sunset

19
Q

Circling Wagon

A

Fence

20
Q

Main causes of death

A

Carelessness, Disease

21
Q

Utah

A

1847

  • settlers moved west to escape U.S territory
  • The mormon church forced to move to escape persecution
  • Originally settled in Illinois
  • FounderJoseph Smith
  • Smith killed
  • new leader sought territory belonging to mexico
  • move took place 1847 soon establsihed in Utah
22
Q

Oregon Territory

A

1845, and 1846

  • before mid 1830s the land was british
  • then churches sent missnaries to christanize the Native Americans
  • fertile soil
  • 1843 so many settlers came that wanted to become US territory
  • Polk wanted to take region
  • Britsih relinquish half
  • They divided oregon along the 49th parrell
23
Q

California

A

1848

  • new Englanders traded with California for 50 years
  • Native population had staged 4 rebellions against Mexico
  • feared the GB or franch might annex California
  • Mexicans were still angered at the lose of Texas, therefore negotiation were impossible
  • dispute over southern boarder of texas ignited war
  • USA captured mexico city
  • Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
  • Full texas, California, New mexico territory
24
Q

Presidents Polks army stategies

A

3 part
1- invade northern mexico
2- head west, take over santa Fe and L.A ( get california)
3- Take mexico city

25
Q

Texas Indpendance

A

1845

  • Orginally illdefined area southwest from Lousiana to Rio Grand and west to footfill of Rocky Mountain belonging to Mexico
  • 1821 Mexico broke away from Spain sought migrants
  • Stephen Austin took over father land, and mexico agreed americans could come in’
  • due to successful and unstrict slave laws settlement settlers outnumber mexicans 10-1
  • General Antonio Snata Ana became president, abolished local rights
  • rebellion broke out
  • army pursued general Sam Houston but they turned attack and defeated Mexican troops
  • under pressure treaty was signed accepting texas Independence
26
Q

Texas Statehood

A
  • 1836 Texas was lone star voting to seek admission into U.S
  • Denied by North but growing fears Texas would ally with G.B
  • fear of competing source of cotton
  • westerners who wanted Oregon and Southerners who wanted Texas elected Dark Horse James Polk in the 1944 election
  • narrow majority passed the joint resolution
  • In 1845 texas became 28th state
27
Q

Maine and Aroostook War

A

1839

  • the northern and eastern border of maine had been uncertain
  • no conflict as land region is unoccupied
  • in 1838, Britain Construct overload
  • settlers from Maine pushing into Aroostook valley clashed with British
  • clash fought by fist
  • U.S prepared for war
  • peace because of trade profit
  • Daniel Webster and Lord Ashburton divided land as fairly as they could
28
Q

Munroe Doctrine

A

Warns European nations that the U.S would not toleraite further colonizations of puppet monarchs

29
Q

Sectionalism

A

There are 3 distinct regions
Different American dream
West relied on North/South man power
North bought raw materials from south and west in turn sold goods

30
Q

North ( former new England colonies)

A

Environment: harsh, unforgiving land in certain areas
Public land policy: opposed such policies for fear that west would draw off their labour supply
Slavery: against considered it a “peculiar instution”
American dream: through industry and commerce
Politics: Lincoln
Tariffs: good to ensure competition with foregin markets

31
Q

South

A

Enviroment: warm and fertile
Public land policy: plantation owners wanted lands opened for sale, opposed squatters rights
Slavery: Necessary for development of their economy
American Dream: through plantations and subsistence farms ( self sufficent)
politics: Breckinridge
Tariffs: opposed b/c high tariffs= pay more for imported goods

32
Q

West

A

enviroment: forests and mountains
public land policy: favoured cheap land, rapid settlement and squatters rights
slavery: wanted to get away from it all
american dream: commerical farms and manufacturing
politics: Lincoln
Tariffs: good b/c might encourage manufacturing west of appalachians moutains. Revenue could be used to build roads/canals

33
Q

Washington

A

non-partasin
president
strict neutraliy

34
Q

Adams

A

National republicans
support from north east
establish property interest
national legislation

35
Q

Jackson polices

A

limiting federal powers

36
Q

Spoils system

A

political party winning an election rewards its campaign workers and other active supporters by appointment to government posts

37
Q

Depression of 1837

A

financial crisis in the United States that touched off a major depression, which lasted until the mid-1840s. Profits, prices, and wages went down, Westward expansion was stalled, unemployment went up, and pessimism abounded. The panic had both domestic and foreign origins.

38
Q

After Jackson President?

A

martin Van Buren

History (8 decks)

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