Unit 3 Week 5

Question 1

prokaryote cell with spherical shape

Answer 1

cocci

Question 2

prokaryote cell with rod shape

Answer 2

bacilli

Question 3

prokaryote cell with spiral shape

Answer 3

spirilli

Question 4

tail on prokaryotes that are attached to a rotary motor

Answer 4

bacterial flagella

Question 5

prokaryote reproduction is asexual by ________

Answer 5

binary fission

Question 6

do prokaryotes undergo mitosis?

Answer 6

NO

Question 7

they have peptidoglycan in cell wall

Answer 7

bacteria

Question 8

______ have membrane lipids that are unbranched hydrocarbons

Answer 8

bacteria

Question 9

______ have several kinds of RNA polymerase

Answer 9

archaea

Question 10

_______ have histones associated with DNA in some species

Answer 10

archaea

Question 11

______ is an important element used for nucleotides, amino acids, and proteins

Answer 11

nitrogen

Question 12

the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia exclusively carried out by prokaryotes

Answer 12

biological nitrogen fixation

Question 13

bacteria or other infectious agents that cause disease or harm to their hosts

Answer 13

pathogens

Question 14

constantly present disease, usually at low incidence, within a population

Answer 14

endemic disease

Question 15

disease that occurs in an unusually high number of individuals in a population at the same time

Answer 15

epidemic disease

Question 16

widespread, usually worldwide, epidemic diease

Answer 16

pandemic

Question 17

type of reproduction that can produce large increases in population sizes

Answer 17

binary fission

Question 18

chemical produced by microbes or synthetically that are hostile to or prevent the growth of other microbes

Answer 18

antibiotics

Question 19

antibiotics can work by ______ the cell wall/capsule coating

Answer 19

attacking

Question 20

antibiotics can work by interfering with _______

Answer 20

reproduction

Question 21

antibiotics can block ______ production

Answer 21

protein

Question 22

viruses ______ cells

Answer 22

aren’t

Question 23

viruses are enclosed in _____

Answer 23

capsid

Question 24

subunits of capsids

Answer 24

capsomeres

Question 25

hypothesis that viruses started as a more complicated cellular organism that has been evolutionarily reduced

Answer 25

devolution hypothesis

Question 26

hypothesis that viruses originated from RNA and DNA molecules that escaped from a host cell

Answer 26

escapist hypothesis

Question 27

hypothesis that viruses originated from self replicating entities similar to transposons or other genetic elements

Answer 27

self replicating hypothesis

Question 28

during this phase of virus replication, capsid proteins or glycoproteins in the viral envelope attach at receptor sites on host cell membrane

Answer 28

attachment

Question 29

during this phase of virus replication, virus penetrates cell with or without capsid, many viruses are taken up by endocytosis and capsid then uncoats the nucleic acid

Answer 29

entry

Question 30

during this phase of virus replication, genome of virus replicates and viral proteins are manufactured by use of host enzymes, ribosomes, tRNAs, amino acids, ATP. nucleic acid molecules and capsomeres spontaneously self assemble into new virions

Answer 30

replication and assembly

Question 31

phase of virus replication with release of new virions produced in the host cell by building or lysis

Answer 31

egress

Question 32

where viruses replicate

Answer 32

host cell

Question 33

viruses that infect bacteria

Answer 33

bacteriaphages

Question 34

virus cycle that results in death of host cell

Answer 34

lytic cycle

Question 35

virus cycle that replicates the phage genome without destroying the host

Answer 35

lysogenic cycle