Unit 3 Weather & Vegetation Flashcards
What’s climate ?
Climate is a long term pattern that influences where you live & how you live
Name the climate regions of Canada
1) Arctic 2) taiga 3) cordillean 4) pacific maritime
5) boreal 6) prairie. 7) southeastern. 8) Atlantic maritime
What’s weather ? Give an example
It’s the day to day atmosphic conditions. Examples are temperature,precipitation,snow, etc.
6 factors affecting weather & climate are:
1) latitude 2) ocean currents 3) wind & air mass. 4) elevation/altitude 5) relief/shape of land. 6) nearness to water
What are the 4 ocean currents of canada?
Alaska current,pacific current,Gulf Stream current, & Labrador current
What’s maritime climate?
Climate type that is strongly influenced by oceans & big bodies of water.
What’s a continental climate?
Climate type that is not influenced by large bodies of water and therefore have no water bodies near by
What are the 4 components of soil?
Minerals,air, bacteria& organic material and moisture
What’s natural vegetation ?
Refers to the plants that can grow without human interference.
What’s a vegetation region ?
It freezers to an area of land comprised of a certain type of natural vegetation
3 types of vegetation?
1) tundra 2) grassland. 3) forest
Explain confireous trees.
- known as the needle leaved trees
- can survive harsh climates
- looses some needles but never bare
- examples: pine & spruce
Explain deciduous trees
- known as the broad leaved trees
- survives in warm moist parts because they for it in winter and need a monument of 10* or higher& looses leaves in fall
- examples: maple,birch and oak
Define soil.
Surface layer of earth,composed of mineral and organic materials,air and water
Define Permafrost
Permanently frozen ground that does not completely thaw in the summer
What is humus?
Dark,upper layer of soil made up of partially decayed plant material.
Define transition zones
Area where the characteristics of one region gradually change into those of another.
Define capillary action
Movement of water upward through small spaces as in soil.
Define air mass
Large body of air that have the same moisture & temperature conditions throughout
What’s calcification?
Is when water reaches the surface & evaporates the minerals left behind which result in topsoil that is rich in minerals.
Where does calcification occur ?
In dim climates
What’s leaching ?
Continual downward movement of water through the soil which removes nutrients needed. Excessive leaching makes it difficult for plays & roots to get nutrients
Where does leaching occur ?
Occurs when there is a great deal of precipitation
