Unit 3-Waves And Sound Flashcards
Periodic motion
Is also called vibrations, cycles, or oscillations. Repeated motion of particles or mechanical systems in cycles around a rest position
Transverse vibrations
The motion of the vibrating object is perpendicular to its length
Longitudinal vibrations
The motion of the object is parallel to its length
Amplitude A
From rest position to the maximum distance
Damping
The displacement from equilibrium position becomes less and less overtime due to unbalanced forces and loss of energy
Natural resonant frequency
When objects are allowed to vibrate freely
Sympathetic vibration
A responding vibration with the same resonant frequency
In phase
Two vibrating objects can have identical amplitude and frequency’s but are different because they are never at the same point in their cycles at the same time
Frequency f
The number of cycles per second in hertz
Complex waves
A combination of transverse and longitudinal waves
Mechanical waves
A disturbance that transfers energy through a medium by means of vibrations of the particles of a medium that repeat
Medium
Type of material that is a solid liquid or gas
Sound
Auditory sensation in ones ear
Loudness
Response of the ear to sounds
High frequency
Higher note
Low frequency
Lower note
Tone or timbre
A measure of the quality of a note
Audible
Sounds within the range of human hearing (20Hz-20000Hz)
Infrasonic
Sounds below audible range
Ultrasonic
Sounds above audible range
Speed of sound
331m/s
Speed of light
300 000 000m/s
Principle of superposition
At any point, the amplitude of two interfering waves is the sum of the amplitude of the individual waves
Constructive interference
The waves add to each other
