Unit 3 test vocab Flashcards
Convection
Transfer of heat through a fluid
Conduction
transfer of energy by a collision of atoms(hot to cold)
radiation
transfer of waves of energy through space
troposphere
The layer closest to Earth’s surface most weather takes place here 99.9%
stratosphere
helps block out harmful ultraviolet rays(Ozone)
energy in the atmosphere
1.energy can be absorbed by a material
2.energy can bounce off of a material
3.energy can reflect off of a material
Latent heat
the heat converts a solid into a liquid or a Vapor
sublimation
the process of turning ice to a gas that’s not natural
Deposition
the process of turning gas into ice that’s not natural
temperature
the average amount of kinetic energy( atoms moving)
isotherms
lines connecting points of equal temperatures on a weather map
barometric pressure
another term for atmospheric pressure
air pressure
the weight of gravity pushing you in all directions
wind
movement of air parallel to the Earth’s surface
jet stream(PSAT)
high altitude air movement from west to east which encircles Earth moving air mass and weather system
Seabreeze
simplified definition: a breeze from the sea
real definition: caused by unequal heating of the land and water during the daytime
land breeze
simplified definition: a breeze from the land
real definition:caused by unequal cooling land and water during night time
planetary winds(PSAT)
large scale winds converting the plants caused by unequal heating of the Earth.
convergent Zone(PSAT)
areas where wind comes together
Divergents zones (PSAT)
areas where air is drawn away
cloud formations 3 C’s
Cool till dew point then H2O will Condensate and form Clouds
cloud types
1.cirrus whiskey curly hair clouds form at high altitudes
2.stratus blanket clouds form at lower altitudes
3.cumulus cotton ball clouds usually indicates fair weather
cold front
when cooler air meets and pushes up over warm air
occluded Front
when faster moving cold front overtakes a slower moving warm front
warm front
A Warm Front forms when a relatively moist, warm air mass slides up and over a cold air mass.
Surplus(PSAT)
more coming in than one can hold
P>EP
water budget
the monthly account of what happens to the water in a location over a course of a year
recharge
nowhere close to being full
P>EP
deficit
no moisture in the ground
EP>P
Usage
some moisture in the ground
EP>P
precipitation(PSAT)
H2O falling from the atmosphere (Rain)
Evaporation
the process of moisture back into the atmosphere using water and energy
Transpiration
process by which plants releases their moisture into the atmosphere
climate
the average weather in an area over many years,
the difference between weather and climate is climate is a trend and weather is a moment in time
polar
cold
never higher than 10°c/ 50° f
tropical
warm
never lower than 18° C/ 64.4° f
Arid
not a lot of moisture (Dry)
semi-Arid
semi dry
humid
a lot of moisture in the air (Wet)
semi- humid
semi wet
mid latitude (NYC)
has a definite summer and winter
factors affecting climate
1.latitude
2.elevation
3.large bodies of water
4.ocean currents
5.mountain barriers
6.wind belts
7.storm tracks
