Unit 3 test Flashcards
how were early plays usually performed by
drunk men in goat skins
characteristics of early plays
-sang songs to welcome gods
-tribes competed
-usually no more than 2-3 people
what were tragedies based on
stories and mythology
what does tragos ode mean
goat song
what were some of Euripedes plays?
madea and hercules
what was the comedy written by Aristophenes
lysistrats: tale about how women bribe men with no sex to end the war
what were the popular sculptures in greek art
the human form
whats the difference between black and red figure ceramics?
black: the entire thing was painted black and details were carved out of it, showing the red under
red: the background was painted black
what was pre-alexandria’s primary occupation
small scale farming
what were the two types of slaves in Athens
Chattel and criminals
describe Chattel slaves
-bought, sold, leased
-30% population were slaves
-treated well, had many rights
-worked in businesses/homes
-usually had no more than 5
where did criminal slaves work
mines and mills
-very short life span, were abused
describe slavery in sparta
-primarily serfdom (helots)
-awful treatment
-target practice for trainees
what role did women play in politics in pre-alexandria
-excluded from political and economic power
- worked through men in their lives
describe pre-alexandrian marriage
arranged, dowry
-women: early teens
-men: 30’s
describe prostitution in pre-alex
-male and female
- pornei, independent, hetaerae, sacred
describe the pornei
worked in brothels
describe hetaerae
high class prostitutes
describe homosexuality in women
not unusual but banned for married women
describe homosexuality in men
older males with younger males
- rite of passage
when were the first olympic games held
776
where were the olympics held
polis of olympia
who were the first to settle the Tiber river
indo-european
who influenced rome in 800
Etruscans, greeks and phoenicians
how old is Italy
155
who settles northern italy/ Adriatic sea
estruscans
who dominated through superior weapons
Etruscans
who are the carthaginians
phoenicians
what was the birth of the republic sparked by
a rape in 509
what does res republica mean
the public thing
what was a republic back then
a state without a monarch ruled by the senate and people
who were the people in the senate
noble familied men (patricians)
what does patrician mean
father of the senate
what are plebs
citizens (the mass)
what made you a citizen in republican government
owning land
describe proletarians
free non-citizens
-cant vote
what branch is equal to consuls today
executive
how were consuls elected in the beginning
from the senate
what were the consuls terms like
- 1 year
- no repeats
- 2 served at same time
where did the 2 consuls rule
one in the city, one in military
who were the censors
-from senate
-originally tax assessors
-whistleblowers
when does rome conquer italy
3d century
how did romes conquest tactics change while conquering italy
encourages assimilation and integration
who fought in the punic wars
romans and carthiginians
describe the first punic war
-rode to “imperium”
-Rome takes Carth. possessions like sicily
who did the second triumvirate kill
JC’s assassin
describe lepidus
- JC second in command
- accused of usurpation (taking power)
- gets exiled
- died in 12 or 13
what was mark antony’s political position
politician and general
- second in command
who was mark antony’s lover and ally
cleopatra
describe mark Antony’s family problems
- married octavians sister octavia
- neglected family for cleopatra
- distributed parts of kingdom to her and their illegitimate kids
who was an enemy of octavian by 33
mark antony
describe octavians political positions
-3d in command of tri.
- most powerful and rich
who was octavian to JC
He was his adopted son
who exiled lepidus and defeated mark antony
octavian
who was the first ruler of the roman empire i. -27-14
octavian
how did octavian become consul for life
he forced an election
what did octavian do to the senate
he enlarged it and packed it with people loyal to him
what does augustus mean
revered one
what name did octavian prefer
princeps
why was welfare put in place
to gain favor from the poor
what were public works used for
stimulate economy, roads, aqueducts
what did the troop reduction do
went fron 250k soldiers to 150k
what was the praektorian guard
specially trained soldiers to guard government officials
- 10k
what does pax romana mean
peace of rome
when was rome unified and generally peaceful
31-180
differentiate between eastern and western rome
east
- spoke greek
- provinces governed by procurators
west
- spoke latin
- municipia (like counties) ruled by elected governors
define duodecim tabularum
the twelve tables
define mos maiorum
the ways of our ancestors
-yes ma’am and no ma’am
what is jus gentium
laws of the nations
what is legacy in law
that fairness is the goal of law
what were virgils “acheid”
official versions of romes founding
what was in The Forum
rhetoric, law and religion
what is patria potestas
power of the father
-the father could kill his child without punishment
what was sui juris
womens rights (the little they had)
how was divorce in rome
they had no fault divorce
what was abortion like in rome
less frequent but became more towards the end
how was sex viewed in rome
only for making babies, doms and subs were social structures
how were the gays viewed
unacceptable in early days but warmed up to it
how did jus gentium help with local autonomy
people with different religions were supported in their ways such as protecting their temples with guards
CRITICAL THINKING
describe the punic wars
- 264-146
- 3 wars between carthage and rome
- first: rome defeated carthage and took sicily
- second: hannibal invade italy, but rome won in battle of Zama
- 3d: ended with rome defeating Carthage and enslaving its people
- made rome the dominant power in the mediterranean
CRITICAL THINKING
describe the second triumvirate
- political alliance formed in 43 BC
- Octavian, Mark Antony and Lepidus to defeat JC assassins
- enacted proscriptions, killing political enemies like cicero
- defeated brutus and cassius in 42BC, taking control of rome
- tensions arose, Lepidus sidelined and Antonys alliance with cleo led to war with Octavian in 31BC
- Octavian wins and Antony/Cleo commit suicide
- Octavian romes first emperor
CRITICAL THINKING
gender roles, relations + identities
- women has certain rights due to sui juris but only if the head of household died or if they were emancipated
- women usually married around 12-17 years old while of course the men would be much older.
- divorce was fairly simple during this time, having no fault divorces and even women able to initiate a divorce
- abortion in the beginning was not very popular but became more frequent as time passed.
- It was also believed during this time that sex was only for reproduction and that the roles dom and sub were very important
