Unit 3 - Spleen,Liver,Gal Bladder,Pancreas / Midgut/ Hindgut Flashcards
Location of Liver, Gall bladder, pancreas and spleen?
What vertebral level are they found?
Liver - T8 > L1/L2 (7-11 rib)
Gall bladder - T9- T11
Pancreas - T12 > L2
Spleen - T9 > T12 (9-11 rib)
Label the structure of the anterior liver including its ligaments.
- Note anterior/posterior coronary ligament
Label the ligaments of the liver
Label the 4 lobes of the liver.
Label the organ the fits in each of the impressions indicated on the surface of the visceral surface of the liver.
What is the clinical significance of the bare area?
- Coronary ligament reflects > It is a site where infection can spread from the abdominal cavity to the thoracic cavity VIA lymphatics
> Superior boarder = diaphragm
Which 2 vessels deliver blood to the liver? How does the blood in them differ? Why does the liver receive blood prior to being delivered to systematic circulation?
- Hepatic artery proper : Oxygenated
- Hepatic portal vein : Partially deoxygenated, brings blood from the GI tract
>liver needs to metabolize, neutralize, and detoxify.
What makes the hepatic portal?
What ligament do they pierce through?
How does blood drain back into IVC?
- Hepatic triad
-Hepatic portal vein spreads out into tiny smaller veins then larger into 3 hepatic veins which come out of the liver at the top….
-3 hepatic veins drain into IVC
How does the blood in the hepatic veins differ from the hepatic portal vein?
- The hepatic portal vein carries nutrient-rich blood from the intestine and other parts such as the gallbladder, pancreas and spleen to the liver, whereas the hepatic veins carry deoxygenated blood from the liver to the vena cava.
What makes up the Hepatic portal vein/ Hepatic artery proper?
Explain venous drainage of: Foregut/Midgut/Hindgut.
Foregut > Splenic > H.P.V
(2 short gastric veins drain straight into H.P.V)
Midgut > S.M.V > HPV
Hindgut > I.M.V > H.P.V
What structure lies anterior to the H.P.V?
- Neck of the pancreas.
What is the lesser omentum attached to? What is it made up from?
-
What is the link between the epiploic foramen and lesser sac?
- door to the lesser sac
Label the different ligaments found in the foregut.
Label the billiary system.
What is the surface marking of the gallbladder fundus?
What is the blood supply?
T-9
- Right hepatic artery > cystic artery
Label the structure of the pancreas.
What arteries supply the pancreas?
What is the venous drainage of pancreas?
- On diagram
- Splenic vein , S/I pancreaticoduodenal veins , Hepatic portal vein
What is the arterial blood supply/venous drainage to the spleen?
-Spleenic artery/ vein
Which ribs are associated with the spleen and why is this clinically relevant?
- Ribs 9-11
>Spleen is filled with blood is ribs cracked could cause severe blood loss and or big hemmorage.
Innovation to Liver, Gal bladder , spleen and pancreas?
-Parasympathetic : Vagus nerve CNX
-Sympathetic : Greater splanchnic T5-9
Lymphatic drainage of :
Liver, Spleen and pancreas?
-Liver: hepatic lymph nodes
-Spleen: pancreaticosplenic lymph nodes
- Pancreas: pancreaticosplenal nodes
Retroperitoneal organs: SADPUCKER
- Body and tail of the pancreas are the retroperitoneal portions
- Whereas the head is the intraperitoneal part.
Where does the Midgut start and end?
What Is its contents?
Begins: MDP of duodenum
Ends: 2/3rds along the transverse colon
Contents:
Distal ½ of duodenum
Jejenum
Ileum
Cecum + appendix
Ascending colon
Proximal 2/3rds of transverse colon
How are Jejunum and Ileum attached to abdominal wall?
-intraperitoneal structures attached to posterior abdominal wall by ‘the’ Mesentery
>duodenojejunal flexure to ileocecal junction
What are the similarities and differences between Jejunum and Ileum?
-The ileum is where most of the nutrients from your food are absorbed before emptying into the large intestine.
What is the name given to folds in lumen of small intestines ?
-Plicae Circulares
What is the arterial supply to the Midgut? Name what organs the branches supply.
Label the parts of the Colon.
Label these parts of the Colon.
What is the mesoappendix?
-mesentery connecting the ileum to the appendix.
What is the transmesocolon
-peritoneum, which connects the transverse colon to the posterior wall of the abdomen.
Label the inferior mesenteric artery? What vertebral level is it? What parts of the handgun does it supply?
Label the rectum and anal canal.
Label the anal canal.
What is significant about the pectinate line?
-Foregut ends
-Blood supply and lymphatic drainage changes
Describe the differences above and below the pectinate line?
-Arterial supply?
-Venous drainage?
-Innervation?
-Lymphatic drainage ?
-Epithelium?
