Unit 3: Software Tools For Productivity And Creativity Flashcards
Apllication software
Software developed to solve particular problem
system software
run at most basic level of computer
enables application software to interact with computer
helps computer to manage internal and external sources
helps to manage hardware
three basic components of system software
operating systems
device drivers
utility programs
operating systems
principal component of system software in any computing system.
manages entire computer
device drivers
help computer control peripheral devices
utility programs
support
enhance
or expand
existing programs in computer system
what does the operating system do?
booting cpu management file management task management security management
general-purpose computer needs it to run other programs
concentrate on applications rather than complexities of a computer
each application programs written to run on top of a particular operating system
what is booting
process of loading and operating system in a computer memory
what are the four steps of booting
- turning on the computer
- diagnostic routines to test the memory, CPU and other hardware
- Basic Input/Output Systems are copied in main memory
- boot program obtains operating system and lods in computer memory
Basic Input/Output Systems (BIOS)
contains instructions for operating the hardware
needs those instructions to operate the hardware and find a copy of the OS.
cold boot
turn on computer’s “on” system
warm boot
restart a computer thats already on
boot disk
use a CD or flash drive containing all files to launch operating system
what Is the CPU
Central Processing Unit
what is supervisor (kernel)
software that manges CPU
remains in memory while computer runs
directs other programs not in memory to perform tasks that support application program
what does the operating system do to manage the CPU
keeps track of memory location to prevent data and programs from overlapping each other
swaps portions of programs and data into the same memory but at different times
keeps track of virtual memory
Queue
First in, First out (FIFO) sequence of data or programs that waits in line for its turn to be processed
buffer
the place where the data or programs sit while they’re waiting to be processed
spool
act of placing a print job into a buffer
CPU is faster than print jobs
CPU can work on other tasks while print jobs wait
two types of files?
data file
program file
data file
named collection of data
program file
program that exists in a computer’s secondary storage
Where are files located?
in many places on secondary storage devices
operating system locates files and facilitates access to them
how does the file system organize the files
in a hierarchical manner
directories are top level (folders)
sub-directories come below folders
how to find a file?
using their pathname
what is a task
its an operation such as:
printing
storing
calculating
what is multitasking
handling more than one program concurrently
how to operating systems help with security
permits users to control access to the computers
access with ID and passcode
what do device and utility programs do
add functionality to computer and help it perform better
device drivers
specialized software programs that allow input and output devices to communicate with the rest of the computer
many drivers come with system software
can be downloaded from manufacturer’s website
can come in hardware like CDs and DVDs
utilities
service programs that perform tasks related to control and allocation of computer ressources
ex: backup, data recovery, data protection, etc
some come with operating system and other can be bought separately
user interface
user-controllable display screen you use to interact with the computer , using keyboard or mouse
