Unit 3 Pre Quiz

Question 1

The diencephalon is completely surrounded by _______, except along:

Answer 1

Cerebral hemispheres

Ventral surface

Question 2

Why is there an angle between the diencephalon and midbrain?

Answer 2

Bc of cephalic flexure

Question 3

Borders of the diencephalon are defined by:

Answer 3

Third ventricle

Question 4

Borders of the diencephalon

Answer 4

Ant: Laminal terminalis and interventricular foramen

Post: Post commisure

Lateral: post limb of the internal capsule

Medial: lateral and 3rd ventricles

Dorsal: 3rd ventricle

Ventral: hypothalamus with the hypothalamic sulcus

Question 5

4 parts of the diencephalon

Answer 5

Epithalamus

Thalamus

Subthalamus

Hypothalamus

Question 6

Location of the epithalamus

Answer 6

Under the rostal end of the corpus callosum in the frontal lobe

Question 7

The epithalamus consists of what?

Answer 7

Stria medullaris thalami

Hebenular nucleus

Pineal gland (epiphysis)

Question 8

What is the tract connecting the septal area (medial olfactory area) -> habenular nucleus?

Answer 8

Stria medullaris thalami

Question 9

Location of the stria medullaris thalami

Answer 9

Dorsomedial to the thalamus

Question 10

Location of the habenular nucleus

Answer 10

In the caudal portion of the diencephalon dorsomedial to the thalamus

Question 11

The habenular nucleus receives input from the _______ to the _______ via the _____ tract

Answer 11

Stria medullaris (sepatl area and amygdala) and fornix (hippocampal formation)

Interpeduncular nucleus of the midbrain

Habenulointerpeduncular tract

Question 12

Location of the habenulointerpeduncular tract

Answer 12

Roof of the 3rd ventricle

Question 13

What connects the two habenular nuclei across the midline? What are they?

Answer 13

Habenular

Fibers of the stria medullaris thalami

Question 14

Function of the habenular nucleus

Answer 14

Part of the limbic system

Associated with emotions, behaviors,

Integration of olfactory, visceral and somatic afferent pathways

Question 15

Location of the pineal gland (epiphysis)

Answer 15

Rostal to the superior colliculus

Question 16

The pineal gland is attached to the ______ through a ____

Answer 16

Diencephalon through a stalk

Question 17

The pineal gland acquires ____ information from the ____.

Answer 17

Light

Retina

Question 18

Function of pineal gland

Answer 18

Functions as an endocrine gland by Having a gonadal function and controlling circadian rhythms

Uses serotonin and melatonin to inhibit puberty and induce sleep

Question 19

Why is the pineal gland sensitive to light

Answer 19

Increased light leads to decreased melatonin, leading to increased gonadal function

Question 20

When does the pineal gland calcify?

Answer 20

Age 16

Question 21

Lesions of th pineal gland can lead to…

Answer 21

Precocious puberty

Question 22

What is the largest part of the diencephalon

Answer 22

Thalamus

Question 23

Anterior end of the thalamus is ____ and forms the ____ boundary of the interventricular foramen. The Post aspect overhangs the:

Answer 23

Small

Posterior

Superior colliculus

Question 24

Inf surface of the thalamus is continuous with”

Answer 24

Midbrain tegmentum

Question 25

What are the borders of the thalamus

Answer 25

Ant: interventricular foramen Sup: transverse cerebral fissure = where the choroid plexus is continuous from the lateral ventricle to the 3rd ventricle. (Embryonically, small cleft b/w the cerebral vesicle and diencephalon.) Inf: Hypothalamic sulcus Post: Overlaps the midbrain Medial: 3rd ventricle Lateral: post limb of internal capsule

Question 26

Internal medullary lamina, which is ______ fibers, functions for:

Answer 26

Interthalamic fibers Internal communication And divides the thalamus into 2 main groups of nuclei .

Question 27

What are the 3 main groups of nuclei in the thalamus

Answer 27

Medial Lateral Anterior

Question 28

Location of the external medullary lamina

Answer 28

Between the thalamus and reticular nucleus

Question 29

What does the external medullary lamina represent?

Answer 29

Fibers leaving and entering the thalamus on their way to form the internal capsule

Question 30

What is the external medullary lamina continuous with anteriorly?

Answer 30

Zonale stratum