Unit 3: Nursing Flashcards
What are the 8 Guidelines to Recording Patient Information?
1) Always use ink
2) Include date and time
3) Neat writing
4) Use only employer approved abbreviations
5) Never use white out, cross out instead
6) Recording should be in chronological order
7) Observed, accurate, and must be completed
8) Signature or initial all reports
Microbe
A tiny creature that is too small to be seen by the human eye and is good for us.
Example: Bacteria
Viruses
Smaller than a microbe and lives inside of bacteria, causing us to get sick.
Fungi
Largest of all the microbes that makes up antibiotics.
Pathogens
Microbes that cause infection and disease.
Medical Asepsis
The sterilizing of equipment and disposable equipment to reduce the spread of infection
Disinfection
The process of killing all micro-organisms.
Sterilization
The process of killing all micro-organisms both pathogenic and non pathogenic micro-organisms.
Infection
An illness or disease state resulting from the invasion and growth of pathogens in the body.
Direct Contact Transmission
Touching an infected person.
Indirect Contact Transmission
Touching a contaminated object
Example: Door Handle
What are the 4 Modes of Transmission?
1) Droplets (Less than 1m)
2) Airborne (Farther than 1m)
3) Vehicle Transmission
Microbes that travel in sources such as for, body fluids, and water
4) Vector Bone Transmission
By insects or pest
What is the order of the steps in the “Chain of Infection”
Top: Microorganism Recevoir/ source Means of Transport Port of Entry Susceptible Host
What are the 9 ways to break the chain of infection?
1) Keep a strong immune system
2) Bathe and wear clean clothes
3) Use proper hand hygiene
4) Use proper PPE
5) Avoid touching face, hair, or clothing after washing your hands
6) Keep common surfaces clean
7) Sneeze into arm and wash hands
8) Don’t go to wrk when you are sick
9) Never place things on the floor (Ex: Purse)
PPE
AKA: Personal Protective Equipment
What is the order in which you should put on/ off PPE?
ON:
1) Cap
2) Mask
3) Goggles
4) Gown
5) Gloves
OFF: Opposite of putting on
What are the 4 things to remember when dealing with PPE?
1) Don’t touch the outside of any equipment
2) Create a bag out of the glove to put into itself
3) Turn gloves an gown inside out
4) Hold onto strings and elastics of mask
Nosocomial Illness
An illness spread in a healthcare facility
Why do infections occur in healthcare facilities?
- Many sick people are treated within close quarters
- Some procedures that save lives may increase the risk of infection
What 6 precautions should be taken to avoid infection?
1) Standard and transmission based precautions
2) Washing hands
3) PPE
4) Patient care equipment handling precautions
5) Laundry
6) Healthy eating
Race
Refers to groups of people who share similar features
Ethnicity
Refers to groups of people who share a common history, language, geography, national origin, religion, and identity.
Culture
The characteristics of a group of people that are passed from one person to the next and from one generation to the next.
What are the 5 Non-verbal cues?
1) Touch
2) Personal Space
3) Eye Contact
4) Facial Expressions
5) Silence
What are 7 ways to communicate with patients that speak another language?
1) Don’t speak loudly
2) Speak slow and distinctively
3) Keep messages short and simple
4) Use gestures and pictures
5) Repeat the message in different ways
6) Don’t use medical language
7) Learn phrases in their language
Systolic
The amount of pressure it take to pump blood though your body (100-400 MMHG)
Disystoic
The pressure of the artery when at rest (60-90 MMHG)
Respiration/ Vitals
The measurement of how hard and fast you are breathing.
What are 3 ways to increase your air intake?
1) Cario
2) Raise your arms above your head
3) Practice holding your breath
What do doctors say they’re checking but really aren’t? Why?
Doctors say they are checking your pulse but, they are really checking your respiration. This is because you may change your breathing patterns if you know someone is listening.
How many times per minute does a person breathe?
12-20 times
What are 4 reasons someone would a person take more than 20 breathes a minute?
1) Nervous
2) Smoking
3) Using Drugs
4) Exercise
Read the infectious diseases presentation notes.
.
Hyperthermic
A condition where someone has a high body temperature.
Instead of using “Disabled” what word should be used instead?
This person has a disability.
What 2 activities should we wash our hands before doing?
Eating and Putting in Contacts.
What 5 activities should we wash our hands after doing?
Using the Washroom, Touching Pets, Sneezing, Coughing, and Blowing Our Nose.
Why do we wash our hands?
To remove microbes and viruses that could be spread.
Influenza
A contagious viral infection.
What are 2 facts about the “Bird Flu”?
1) Born in 1918
2) People died from fluid in the lungs
What are 2 facts about “SARS”?
1) Happened in Asia
2) Travelled through birds to Canada
What are 2 facts about “AIDS”?
1) Happened in Zaire 1976
2) People were afraid and in denial of being shunned by their families
Resistant Bacteria
Bacteria that is resistant to the bacteria that is trying to kill it.
STI
AKA: Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Surgical Asepsis
The use of disinfection and sterilization of a surgical operating room and equipment.
Autoclave
A device that uses steam to sterilize equipment.
Incubation Period
The amount of time from when you get a disease to when you see symptoms.
Pulse
The measure of blood pressure through the neck or wrist, by counting the beats per min.
PSW
AKA: Personal Support Worker
A person who works with aging people
DSW
AKA: Developmental Services Worker
A person who works with people with disabilities.
What does “DIPPS” stand for?
D- Dignity I- Independence P- Preference P- Privacy S- Safety
What is the difference between Herpes 1 and Herpes 2?
Herpes 1: Affects above the belt
Herpes 2: Affects below the belt
Where does a flu vaccine start?
An egg.
A yellow flag in old Europe meant a family was infected by what disease?
Cholera.
What is considered to be a good systolic pressure?
120.
What 4 stages did the Avian Flu virus go through?
Wild -> Domestic -> Human -> Human
What are 5 signs and symptoms of an infection?
1) High Temperature
2) Loss of Appetite
3) Aches and Pains
4) High/ Low Blood Pressure
5) Headaches
