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PREP 1 > Unit 3 - Microbiology (Infection, Chain of Infection, Groups of Microbes, Bacterial Diseases) > Flashcards

Unit 3 - Microbiology (Infection, Chain of Infection, Groups of Microbes, Bacterial Diseases) Flashcards

1
Q

Condition that results when microbe is able to invade, multiply, and cause injurious effects/ disease

A

Infection

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2
Q

Short duration

A

Acute

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3
Q

Long duration

A

chronic

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4
Q

Comes and goes

A

Latent

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5
Q

Affects weakened immune system

Usually caused by non-pathogenic organisms

A

Opportunistic

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6
Q

what type of infection?
cold sores
genital herpes

A

latent

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7
Q

what type of infection?

cold

A

acute

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8
Q

type of infection that lasts more than 3 months or a life time

A

chronic

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9
Q

Chickenpox AKA ?

A

Varcella Zonster

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10
Q

examples of opportunistic bacteria

A

staphylococcus aureus
e-coli
candida

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11
Q

What is the chain of infection?

A

Virtulence
> # of microbes
> susceptible host
> portal of entry

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12
Q

degree of strength of that organism in its ability to produce disease

A

Virtulence

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13
Q

bacteria that is always on skin and is a common cause for nosocomial infections

Opportunistic bacteria

A

Staphylococcus aereus

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14
Q

Originating in a hospital

A

Nosocomial

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15
Q

Found naturally in the intestine
- causes vomiting, cramps, and can affect kidney

Opportunistic bacteria

A

E-coli

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16
Q

Naturally occurring yeast in gut

Opportunistic bacteria

A

Candida

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17
Q

Harmless bacteria on the skin

A

Normal Flora

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18
Q

Which tools help minimize bioburden on surfaces which reduces number of microbes in aerosol?

A

Dental Dam

HVE

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19
Q

Portals of entry (transmission)

A

Mouth - airborne
Parental - Blood borne
through mucous membranes or nose/oral cavity

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20
Q

Infection that can be spread from one person to another from contact w/ body fluids

Contagious

A

Communicable Diseases

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21
Q

Incapable of causing disease under normal circumstances

A

Nonpathogenic

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22
Q

Disease producing organisms

A

Pathogens

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23
Q

Single celled microbe

Large variety considered “normal flora”

A

Bacteria

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24
Q

Type of bacteria that needs O2

25
Q

Type of bacteria that grows without O2/ dies in its presence

26
Q

Some bacteria form this as a protective layer against antibiotics

ie - Strep mutants

27
Q

If in unfavorable conditions, bacteria can change into this and remain alive but inactive until conditions are right

ie - tetanus

28
Q

Contains chlorophyll

depletes O2 and blocks sunlight

29
Q

Blue green algae that can cause blooms in toxins

A

Cyanobacteria

30
Q

Relatively new type of microbe, still researching
Rapidly progressive and usually fatal

ie - Cruetzfeldt-Jakob disease

31
Q

Plants that lack chlorophyll

32
Q

Common yeast (fungi) found in oral cavity, GI tract, female genital tract, and skin

33
Q

White cottage cheese like fungi that when wiped away reveals raw red bleeding base

34
Q

Composed entirely out of proteins
NO nucleic acids
type of microbe

ie - Mad cow disease

35
Q

Single celled microbe with rigid cell wall
Can be free living or parasitic
ie Malaria

36
Q

Ultra microscopic pathogens which contain nucleic acids

Always changing, new arising

37
Q

The study of viruses

38
Q

type of microbe transmitted to humans through bite of infected insect

ie Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever or African Tick-bite Fever

A

Rickettsiae

39
Q

Bacterial disease that is the leading cause of death world wide

A

Tuberculosis

40
Q

T or F

tetanus presents the greatest risk for healthcare workers

A

F - Tuberculosis

41
Q

AKA Lock jaw

42
Q

STI caused by Treponema Pallidum

VERY infectious

43
Q

Legionella pneumophila is responsible for which two acute bacterial diseases

A

Pontiac Fever

Legionnaire’s Disease

44
Q

How can you prevent MRSA

A
  • good hand hygiene
  • never squeeze/drain sores
  • keep wounds covered until healed
  • do not share personal items
45
Q

This disease’s bacteria kill time is the bench mark for effectiveness of surface disinfectants

A

Tuberculosis

46
Q

3 stages of Syphilis

A

1 aka Primary Stage: Chancres

2 Stage: split papules at corners of mouth

- grayish white "mucous patches" in oral cavity and lips
- rashes and pustules, oozing sores, loss of hair

3 aka Latent Stage: Fatal and can occur after many years of being dormant

47
Q

Bacterium that is resistant to some antibiotics due to excessive use of penicillin antibiotics

Carried on skin/ nose of healthy people

48
Q

These two diseases often occure together due to weakened immune systems

A

HIV -> Tuberculosis

49
Q

Disease with serious pneumonia

Transmitted through aerosolization/ aspiration of contaminated water

No person to person transmission involved

A

Legionnaire’s disease

50
Q

Bacterial disease usually introduced into body parentaly by soiled instrument

51
Q

Version of an everyday bacterium that causes pimples, boils, sinus infections

52
Q

Acquired its name in 1976 when an outbreak occurred during a convention in Philadelphia

A

Legionnaire’s Disease

53
Q

Caused by tick bites

Although treated with antibiotics, may suffer long term disease

A

Lyme Disease

54
Q

Global disease breakout

A

Pandemic Diseases

55
Q

Less severe form of Legionnaire’s with acute flu like symptoms

A

Pontiac Fever

56
Q

Microbes produce severe spasms and rigidity

57
Q

Infected person may a rash, fever, headache, sore joints, and may not be able to move face or parts of body

A

Lyme Disease

58
Q

Vaccines are available for which bacterial diseases?

Tuberculosis
Lyme Disease
Tetanus
Legionnaire's
MRSA
Syphilis
A

Tuberculosis

Tetanus

59
Q

Which are bacterial disease(s) are starting to become immune to antibiotics?

Tuberculosis
Lyme Disease
Tetanus
Legionnaire's
MRSA
Syphilis

PREP 1 (4 decks)

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