Unit 3: Manipulation And Improvement Of Memory Flashcards
What is an acronym?
An acronym is a mnemonic device in which a pronounceable syllable, word or words is made from the initial letters of the words in the sequence to be remembered.
What is an acrostic?
An acrostic is a mnemonic device in which a sentence is created where the initial letter of each word is the same as the initial letters of the words in the sequence to be remembered.
What are context-dependent cues?
Context-dependent cues are a clue to assist retrieval from long-term memory, due to the external environment in which learning took place.
What is cued recall?
Cued recall is recall assisted by clues, not involving the original items to be retrieved, e.g. Being given an individual’s initials to assist recall of their name
What is encoding specificity?
Encoding specificity occurs when associations are formed at the time of forming new memories and these will be the most effective retrieval cues
What is eyewitness testimony?
Eyewitness testimony is evidence given by a person who saw a crime committed.
What is free recall?
Free recall is recalling as much information as possible in any order, without cues.
What are the measures of retention?
Relearning
Recognition
Cued recall
Free recall
What is the misinformation effect?
The misinformation effect occurs when questions are asked in such a way as to provide information in the asking of the question, e.g. “Did you see the broken headlight?”
What is a mnemonic?
Mnemonics are a form of elaborative rehearsal where the information in connected to material already in your long-term memory. This can include visualisation, verbalisation, rhythm and rhyme.
What is narrative chaining?
Narrative chaining is a mnemonic device in which a story is created using the words to be remembered as part of the story.
What is recall?
Recall is the retrieval of stored information using minimal cues
What is recognition?
Recognition is a process of retrieval which requires identification of a correct response from a set of alternatives.
What are reconstructive memories?
Reconstructive memories are memories built up by remembering what we remembered previously and believing that this is the memory of the original event.
What is relearning?
Relearning is learning again something that has already been committed to memory. This is also the most sensitive measure of retention.
