unit 3 land based empires Flashcards
1450-1750
what are gunpowder empires
multiethnic states that relied on firearms to conquer and control territories
What are the four main gunpowder empires
russia ottoman safavid and mughal
1450 in Europe
end of hundred years war, the medivial period, and the plague
invention the the gutenburg printing press
began to launch oveseas exploration and colonies
Russia
ivan the terrible or 4
took back russia from the golden horde using gunpowder
wanted to control fur trade hire peasant warriors known as the cossacks
Ming did what
centralized and control east asia however was overthrown by the manchu in which it established the Qing
What is the Ottomans, Safavid, and Mughal share
Muslim
decended from turkic nomads
relied on gunpowder weapons and cannons
ottomans
sunni islam lasted until ww1
safavids
shi’a islam established in iran
religious conflicts on the westernborder of the safavid empire
formed a trade alliance with europe to defend themselves against europe
Mughals
india
has castes(jatis) assigned at birth
Decline of the gunpowder empires
ottoman-strong european neighbors
safavid-weak economy and many rebellions
mughal-british took political power away
Divine Right of kings
used to legitimize power
the right to rule was given to a king by god (king james 1)
england
Palace of Versailles
Louis XIV
way to control nobles and legitimize power
Russia Administrations
used provinces and industrialized and increased taxes when needed
Ottoman administrations
janissaries-Christian boys that would form the elite class
East Asia Administrations
centralized control by divinding japan into 250 hans controlled daimyo by holding the family hostage
Tokugawa Shogunate
Mughal
Akbar -fairly ruled
gov officals carried out the duties of the empire
Protestant Reformation
Anger about the church practicing the selling of indulgences
due to printing press Martin Luther wrote the 95 these about how indulgence aren’t in the bible and christians can only be saved through faith these ideas spread overnight
Anglicanism
King henry the 8 wanted to divorce his wife which led to the Anglican church becoming the main church
The counter reformation
wanted to preserve Catholicism
Peace of Augsburg
conflict between the lutherns and catholics allowed the german state to choose
Edict of Nantes
religious tolerance towards protestants led (Henry the 4)
Thirty Years war
result of religious conflict in the holy roman empire ended in the peace of westphalia which allowed each area to choose
Islamic Schisms
Ottomans (sunni0 vs safavid no tolerance( shi’a) whereas the mughal was tolarant under akbar
