Unit 3: Inter War Period

Question 1

What is the liberals approach and who is there leader?

Answer 1

Balanced approach to government issues and spending. Lyon Mackenzie King was the prime minister from 1921-26, 1926-30, 1935-48. He lost in 1930 because he lost the election as he couldn’t deal with the oppressions and made a comment that offended provinces who were effected by the depression.

Question 2

What is the conservatives approach and who is there leader?

Answer 2

Gave money to provinces to create work programs, create work/relief camps, raised tariffs and helped establish CBC to counter US’s influence on Canada. R. B. Bennet was the prime minister from 1930-35, created a new deal similar to president Roosevelt in the US. The deal offered more support from farmers, more reforms to old age security, workplace conditions, min wage and work hours, supported tax reforms (wealthy pay more) and insurance for workers against injury/illness.

Question 3

What is the progressive party approach and who is the leader?

Answer 3

Was created in 1919, was a voice for western, rural based issues (free trade, lower freight charges, etc). Thomas Crerar was the prime minister.

Question 4

What is the cooperative commonwealth federation (CCF)s approach and who is the leader?

Answer 4

Socialist party that believed in social programs and public ownership and outlined in regional Manifesto. CCF turned to NDP. J.S. Woodsworth was the prime minister.

Question 5

What is the social credit party approach and who is the leader?

Answer 5

William “Bible Bill” Aberhart was a farmer charismatic preacher from Alberta, believed capitalism was falling and gov should give citizens a small amount of money to help economy.

Question 6

What is the Union Nationale Partys approach and who is the leader?

Answer 6

They were nationalist who didn’t want English minority having control over economics in Quebec, supported by rural Quebeckers and catholic church. Maurice Duplessis was the prime minister.

Question 7

What was black Thursday?

Answer 7

On Thursday October 24, 1929 the stock market began to crash as people began to sell stocks (price decreased)

Question 8

What was black Teusday?

Answer 8

The following Tuesday after Thursday, sell off shares of tocks was worse as everyone were unloading stocks. Led to the crash and loss of life savings, bankruptcy, debt ridden and led to mass unemployment and slow down of economics.

Question 9

What happened in the bust period?

Answer 9

Overproducing of consumer goods, overspending (debt or speculation) and/or no money to pay for stocks bought. Many stocks were bought on margin with a loan (10% down) and would pray it would rise. When margin call is made you either pay for stock owing or make profit.

Question 10

What are the 3 major things that happened in the boom period?

Answer 10

1) Many inventions such as automobiles (mass production led to lower prices), telephones, radios and movies.
2) Artists became more popular such as Emily Carr (aboriginal culture and west coast landscape) and group of 7 (Canadian landscapes).
3) Canada had a lot of primary resources, led to America decreasing investment to Canada as Britain’s trade with Canada decreased. US built branch’s in Canada to avoid tariffs and extracted many raw marterials than shipped them south to be manufactured.

Question 11

How did federalism effect Canada?

Answer 11

Ottawa battles different regions/provies and overpower what’s good for Canada as a whole instead of specific provinces.

Question 12

How did regionalism effect Canada?

Answer 12

BC - Became a higher shipping power and wanted more political power
Prairies + Rural Ontario - wants free trade and abandons tariffs for cheaper US goods, issues are all rural based.
Quebec - Boom in manufacturing but they wanted to protect their resources, they were suspicious of the English leaders in Ottawa.
Maritimes - Continues to have less political power as population/business shifts west.

Question 13

What were the 6 major causes of the great Depression?

Answer 13

1) Stock market crash
2) tariffs taxes
3) drought
4) inflation
5) debt
6) unemployment

Question 14

What are 3 types of Economical systems and who is connected to each?

Answer 14

1) Command economics = communism
2) Mixed Economy = Canada/US
3) Laissez-Faire Economics = Capitalism and no government interference.

Question 15

What were the 6 main responses from the government to the great depression?

Answer 15

1) work programs/new deals
2) RB Bennet gave money from his wallet
3) 20 cents a day at work camps and the workers protest
4) soup kitchens
5) created Canadian Wheat boards
6) Farm rehab act - irrigation

Question 16

What was the on the Ottawa Trek in 1935?

Answer 16

A workers strike and protest that began in Vancouver. Led by relief camp workers union (Arthur “slim” Evans), 1500 men fled towards Ottawa to protest wages and camp conditions. However they were stopped in Regina by the RCMP and only 8 men continues to Ottawa (Inc. Evans). Once in Ottawa, Bennet refuses their demands (labeling them communists). They went back to Regina protesting began again. A riot quickly started that resulted in 1 officer dying, many injured and 130 men (inc. Evans) were arrested.

Question 17

What were the major events of 1919?

Answer 17

Paris peace agreement, league of Nations and the Winnipeg General Strike.

Question 18

What were the major events in 1921?

Answer 18

Agnes MacPhail was the first female prime minister and Emily Murpshy became magistrate in Alberta.

Question 19

What were the major events of 1922?

Answer 19

chanak crisis and Canada refused to go to war.

Question 20

What were the major events of 1923?

Answer 20

Halibut treaty that Canada and US signed without Britain

Question 21

What was the major event of 1926?

Answer 21

The King Byng Crisis

Question 22

What was the major events of 1928?

Answer 22

Supreme court of Canada rules women are not “persons” under the Canadian constitution.

Question 23

What were the major events of 1929?

Answer 23

Persons case, took to British Privy council that ruled Women “persons. The stock market crashed which led to overproduction, buying on margin, speculation and panic selling.

Question 24

How did the Chanak Crisis lead to Canadas independence?

Answer 24

In 1922 there was a port controlled by Britain called Chanak. Britain requested Canada to help fight in a war that was occurring near this port and Canada refused. This was the 1st time Canada refused a call from help from Britain.

Question 25

How did the halibut treaty lead to Canadas independence?

Answer 25

In 1923, a Canadian treaty made with US to protect halibut in BC. King signed without a British representative. This was the first Canadian treaty that was independently signed.

Question 26

How did the king-Byng crisis lead to Canadas independence?

Answer 26

In 1926, king publicly challenged Britain for gov general and Britain’s influence of Canadian politics. Byng refused a reelection and caused Canada to have power over US. This was the first time a gov general had acted against the wishes of the prime minister.