Unit 1: Politics Flashcards
What are the requirements to be able to change the constitution, or charter of rights and freedoms with the amending formula?
must have 7/10 provinces with at least 50% of population with votes, need house of common, senate and royal assent approval
What is the notwithstanding clause?
A constitutional override to change the constitution, sections 2, 7-15. Only lasts 5 years.
What is section 2?
fundamental freedoms
What is section 1 in the charter of rights and freedoms focused on?
Reasonable limits clause, justifies any limitations on someone’s charter rights
What is section 2 in the charter of rights and freedoms focused on?
conscience and religion, thought, beliefs and expressions, peaceful assembly. Rights and freedoms are not within limits but rights are limited to protect the rights and freedoms of others
Example of section 2?
prisoners laws taken away or during a protest or celebration of rights that turned into a riot
What is section 3-5 in the charter of rights and freedoms focused on?
anything with elections or votes, everyone Canadian citizen has the right to vote, to run for public office, parliament and legislation must sit every 12 months and they’re parliament and legislation elections every 5 years
What is section 6 in the charter of rights and freedoms focused on?
right to enter and leave Canada at any time, you can work or live anywhere if your a Canadian citizen
What is section 7-14 in the charter of rights and freedoms focused on?
right against search and seizure, right not to be detained or imprisoned after 24 hours and to know the reason for arrest (charter warning), right to trial asap, right to innocent until proven guilty, right to judge and jury if sentence over 5 years, right to be silent, right not to be subject to cruel or unusual punishment or treatment
What is section 15 in the charter of rights and freedoms focused on?
everyone is equal before and under the law and has the right to equal protection by the law without discrimination.
What is section 16-22 in the charter of rights and freedoms focused on?
everyone has the right to be serve in English and French, all federal docs (statues, records, journals) in both
What is section 23 in the charter of rights and freedoms focused on?
right to be schooled in 1st language in that province or territory
what is section 3-5?
democrcatic rights
what is section 6?
mobility rights
what is section 7-14?
legal rights
what is section 15?
equality rights
what are sections 16-22?
Official Languages
What is section 23?
minority language educational rights
What is inflation?
continuing rise in average prices over time, occurs with supply and demand imbalance
What is the consumer price index?
reflects price changes consumers pay for fixed “basket”, mix of necessities and luxuries, keeps track of monthly % of total basket items. the change average over 12 months = annual rate of inflation
How do you calculate the consumer price index?
the change of basket items prices average over 12 months = annual rate of inflation
pros/cons of inflation?
pro: dept. can shrink, borrowed money may loose value
con: too much inflation causes instability and insecurity
what is a chartered bank?
financial institution offering banking services and must follow certain rules
What is a government band?
a amount of money borrowed by a government or official docs related to this
What is the monetary policy?
set of actions to control nations overall money supply and achieve economic growth
What is the supply chain?
system of people/things involved in getting a product from where it was made to who it buys
What are the 7 types of government systems?
aristocracy, democracy, dictatorship, monarchy, constitutional monarchy, oligarchy, theocracy
What is aristocracy?
power is in the hands of elite/upperclass
what is the cons of aristocracy?
no method to ensure needs of all social classes are met
What is democracy?
power is elected officials by citizens
What are the pros/cons of democracy?
pro: all citizens have a say and can re-elect
con: decision making is less efficient when elected officials are trying to please all to stay in power
What is dictatorship?
power is with 1 individual, military support and often leads to totalitarianism (total control)
What is the con in dictatorship?
no guarantee that needs are met, prone to corruption
What is monarchy?
power is inherited through royal family
what are the pros/cons of monarchy?
pro: allows traditions to carry on
con: people have little to say no to in government
What is constitutional monarchy?
monarchy is regulated to ceremonial role and becomes head of state for notion it represents
What is oligarchy?
power is in the hands of few inspirational people
what is the con of oligarchy?
no guarantee that needs are met, corruption/greed
What is theocracy?
power lies in hands of religious leader who rules in the name of law
what is the con of theocracy?
decision on old religious dogma, may interfere with modern thoughts/beliefs
What does left wing on the political spectrum believe in?
supports progress and reform, believes in owning key industry’s, transportation and natural resources, improves socials conditions and more government intervention and regulations
What is communism?
run by dictator, no private ownership. In theory workers take over and all are equal. Karl Marx and Fredrick Engels created
What is left side?
communism
What is left of middle called?
socialism
What is socialism?
much stronger gov, and intervention into economy
What does center on the middle spectrum believe in?
believe improvements to social conditions but slowly, some management necessary and supports balance
What is middle called?
liberalism
What does right wing on the political spectrum believe in?
believe its not the role of gov to operate social programs, supports traditions, believes business/industry should be in the hands of private individuals and limited government interference, supports privatization
What is right of middle called?
conservatism
What is conservatism?
cultural, social, political, philosophy to promote traditional institutions/practices
What is right wing called?
fascism
What does fascism?
places needs in state before individual and demands complete obedience by individual to single person and may be expressed as racial superiority. First introduced by Benito Mussolini in Italy after the first war
What is Canadas government system?
parliamentary system
What is the parliamentary system
a representative government with elected assembly legislates, parliament is bicameral (house of commons and senate)
Who holds the most power in the federal government structure?
head of state (monarch), represented by governed general
What are the 3 branches of government below the head of state in Canada?
Legislative, executive, judicial
What is the legislated branch of government in Canada?
parliament, the senate and house of commons
What is the executive branch of government in Canada?
prime minister, cabinet and house of commons
What is the judicial branch of government in Canada?
supreme court of canada
What does the legislative branch of government in US do?
makes laws, congress (senate and house of commons)
What does the executive branch of government in US do?
carries out laws, president (vice president and cabinet)
What does the judicial branch of government in the US do?
interprets laws, supreme court and federal court
What are the requirements to become a US president?
natural born citizen, minimum 35 years old, and US resident for at least 14 years
What are the 4 steps to become president?
1) Primaries and Caucuses
2) National Conventions
3) General Elections
4) Electoral College
What is step 1 to become US president?
similar ideas are in the same party
Primary: party members vote for best candidate
Caucuses: select best candidate through discussion
What is step 2 to become US president?
National Conventions, a conference is held to select final nominees and running mates. They campaign
What is step 3 to become a US president?
general election, every state votes for president and vide president
What is step 4 to become a US president
Electoral College, each state gets a certain amount of electors based on representation in congress, each elector has one vote and the candidate with more than half wins.
What are the 4 levels of government?
Federal, Provincial, Municipal and first nations
Who is the leader at the federal level of government?
prime minister
Who is the leader at the provincial level of government?
premier
Who is the leader at the municipal level of government?
mayor
Who is the leader at the first nation level of government?
chief
What are the members of the federal level of government called?
members of parliament
What are the members of the provincial level of government called?
members of legislation assembly
What are the members of the municipal level of government called?
councilors
What are the members of the first nations level of government called?
councils
What is the legislative body called in the federal level of government?
parliament (house of commons)
What is the legislative body called in the provincial level of government?
legislative
What is the legislative body called in the municipal level of government?
town/city hall
What is the legislative body called in the first nation level of government?
Band
What are the types of laws in the federal level of government?
criminal code of conduct
What are the types of laws in the First Nations level of government?
Aboriginal Laws
What are the types of laws in the provincial level of government?
By-laws
What are the types of laws in the provincial level of government?
provincial law/provincial jurisdiction
Examples of Federal governments tasks?
citizenship/passports, criminal law, currency, federal tax, fisheries/oceans, foreign affairs/trade, indigenous affairs, national defense, language, postal, veteran affairs
Examples of Municipal/locals government tasks?
uni/college, drivers license/highways, education, healthcare, municiples, natural resources, property/civil rights, law/court, taxes and social services
Examples of Provincial/territorial government tasks?
How do you spell Mr K?
Knihniski
Examples of Municipal/local government tasks?
animal control, fire protection, land use planning, local parks/recreation, local police, property tax, public transportation, streets/sidewalks, waste management, water supply and treatment
What are the 4 stages of passing a bill in parliament?
1) cabinet member or private member
2) house of commons
3) senate
4) Govender General
What happens in the first stage of passing a bill to parliament?
cabinet member or private member brings bill to the house of commons. The bill is introduced in the first reading, after the second reading they debate on the key principles
What happens in the second stage of passing a bill to parliament?
At the house of commons the 3rd reading takes place, voting occurs
What happens in the third stage of passing a bill to parliament?
goes to the senate if passed, process repeats with 3 readings.
What happens in the fourth stage of passing a bill to parliament?
The bill is brought to the governor general is passed, they either give royal assent and create a proclamation date or they withhold consent
What are the 6 main cartoon analysis devices used?
symbolism, exaggeration, size, light/dark, stereotyping and irony.
When was the liberal party established?
since confederation in 1867
Who is the current liberals leader?
Justin Trudeau
What are the number of seats in parliament liberals currently have?
158
Where are liberals on the political spectrum?
middle
When was the conservative party established?
since confederation, 1986
Who is the conservative party leader?
Pierre Poilievre
How many seats does the conservative party have in parliament?
118
Where is the conservative party on the political spectrum?
right of middle
When was the new democratic party established?
1961
Who is the leader of the New democratic Party?
Jagmeet Singh
How many seats in parliament does the new democratic party have?
25
Where on the political spectrum is NDP?
left
When was bloc quebecois established?
1990/1991
Who is the bloc Quebecois leader
Yves-François Blanchet
How many seats in parliament does bloc quebecois have?
32
Where on the political spectrum is bloc quebecois?
When was the green party established?
1983
Who is the green party leader?
Annamie Paul
How many seats does the green party have inn parliament?
2
Where on the political spectrum does the green party fall?
very left
