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Chemistry > Unit 3 i) Materials > Flashcards

Unit 3 i) Materials Flashcards

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1
Q

Where do plastics come from?

A

Most of the plastics we use on a daily basis are made from chemicals obtained from CRUDE OIL

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2
Q

Why are synthetic polymers used?

A

Synthetic polymers have a greater range of properties such as: flexibility, strength, water resistant

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3
Q

Property and use of : polyethene?

A

Property: does not rust Use: water pipes

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4
Q

Property and use of : perspex?

A

Property: does not shatter Use: bus shelters

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5
Q

Property and use of : kevlar?

A

Property: very strong Use: bullet proof vests

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6
Q

Property and use of : formica?

A

Property: heat-proof Use: kitchen work tops

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7
Q

Name 2 problems with polymers

A

1.Burning- produce poisonious gases when burned 2.Durability- most polymers are non-biodegradable

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8
Q

What are thermoplastics/thermosoftening plastics

A

These plastics CAN be reshaped when heated

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9
Q

What are thermosetting plastics?

A

These plastics CANNOT be respahed when heated

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10
Q

What is polymerisation?

A

Polymers are made by joining many small molecules (monomers) together.

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11
Q

Naming Polymers Monomer 1.ethene 2.vinyl chloride 3.styrene

A

Polymer 1.polyethene (polythene) 2.polyvinylchloride (PVC) 3.polystyrene

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12
Q

What are the 2 types of polymerisation?

A
  1. Addition Polymerisation 2. Condensation Polymerisation
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13
Q

How does addition polymerisation work?

A

Double bond is broken Monomers add on

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14
Q

Condensation Polymerisation

A

Process whereby many monomers join to form one large polymer with loss of water. These polymers are made from monomers with 2 FUNCTIONAL GROUPS per molecule

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15
Q

What reacts to make polyesters?

A

Diols + Diacids

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16
Q

What reacts to form polyamides?

A

Diamines + Diacids Nylon is a polyamide

17
Q

What process is used to break down polymers?

A

Hydrolysis

18
Q

What are plastics?

A

Plastics are substances that are made up of very large, long chain molecules called polymers. Most are synthetic(not natural)

19
Q

Name 3 examples of natural polymers?

A

Silk Wool Starch Cellulose Proteins

20
Q

What is a ceramic material?

A

A ceramic is a material that is neither metallic nor organic. eg Al2O3, SiC, SiO2

21
Q

What are the properties of ceramic materials?

A

Hard/Strong Brittle Unreactive Non-Conductors of heat and electricity

22
Q

What are the uses of ceramic materials?

A

Pottery Dishes Bricks Tiles Glass Cement

23
Q

What group is this?

A

Hydroxyl

24
Q

What group is this?

A

Carboxyl (COOH)

Chemistry (10 decks)

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