Unit 3 i) Materials Flashcards
Where do plastics come from?
Most of the plastics we use on a daily basis are made from chemicals obtained from CRUDE OIL
Why are synthetic polymers used?
Synthetic polymers have a greater range of properties such as: flexibility, strength, water resistant
Property and use of : polyethene?
Property: does not rust Use: water pipes
Property and use of : perspex?
Property: does not shatter Use: bus shelters
Property and use of : kevlar?
Property: very strong Use: bullet proof vests
Property and use of : formica?
Property: heat-proof Use: kitchen work tops
Name 2 problems with polymers
1.Burning- produce poisonious gases when burned 2.Durability- most polymers are non-biodegradable
What are thermoplastics/thermosoftening plastics
These plastics CAN be reshaped when heated
What are thermosetting plastics?
These plastics CANNOT be respahed when heated
What is polymerisation?
Polymers are made by joining many small molecules (monomers) together.
Naming Polymers Monomer 1.ethene 2.vinyl chloride 3.styrene
Polymer 1.polyethene (polythene) 2.polyvinylchloride (PVC) 3.polystyrene
What are the 2 types of polymerisation?
- Addition Polymerisation 2. Condensation Polymerisation
How does addition polymerisation work?
Double bond is broken Monomers add on
Condensation Polymerisation
Process whereby many monomers join to form one large polymer with loss of water. These polymers are made from monomers with 2 FUNCTIONAL GROUPS per molecule
What reacts to make polyesters?
Diols + Diacids
What reacts to form polyamides?
Diamines + Diacids Nylon is a polyamide
What process is used to break down polymers?
Hydrolysis
What are plastics?
Plastics are substances that are made up of very large, long chain molecules called polymers. Most are synthetic(not natural)
Name 3 examples of natural polymers?
Silk Wool Starch Cellulose Proteins
What is a ceramic material?
A ceramic is a material that is neither metallic nor organic. eg Al2O3, SiC, SiO2
What are the properties of ceramic materials?
Hard/Strong Brittle Unreactive Non-Conductors of heat and electricity
What are the uses of ceramic materials?
Pottery Dishes Bricks Tiles Glass Cement
What group is this?

Hydroxyl
What group is this?

Carboxyl (COOH)