Unit 3 i) Materials

Question 1

Where do plastics come from?

Answer 1

Most of the plastics we use on a daily basis are made from chemicals obtained from CRUDE OIL

Question 2

Why are synthetic polymers used?

Answer 2

Synthetic polymers have a greater range of properties such as: flexibility, strength, water resistant

Question 3

Property and use of : polyethene?

Answer 3

Property: does not rust Use: water pipes

Question 4

Property and use of : perspex?

Answer 4

Property: does not shatter Use: bus shelters

Question 5

Property and use of : kevlar?

Answer 5

Property: very strong Use: bullet proof vests

Question 6

Property and use of : formica?

Answer 6

Property: heat-proof Use: kitchen work tops

Question 7

Name 2 problems with polymers

Answer 7

1.Burning- produce poisonious gases when burned 2.Durability- most polymers are non-biodegradable

Question 8

What are thermoplastics/thermosoftening plastics

Answer 8

These plastics CAN be reshaped when heated

Question 9

What are thermosetting plastics?

Answer 9

These plastics CANNOT be respahed when heated

Question 10

What is polymerisation?

Answer 10

Polymers are made by joining many small molecules (monomers) together.

Question 11

Naming Polymers Monomer 1.ethene 2.vinyl chloride 3.styrene

Answer 11

Polymer 1.polyethene (polythene) 2.polyvinylchloride (PVC) 3.polystyrene

Question 12

What are the 2 types of polymerisation?

Answer 12

1. Addition Polymerisation 2. Condensation Polymerisation

Question 13

How does addition polymerisation work?

Answer 13

Double bond is broken Monomers add on

Question 14

Condensation Polymerisation

Answer 14

Process whereby many monomers join to form one large polymer with loss of water. These polymers are made from monomers with 2 FUNCTIONAL GROUPS per molecule

Question 15

What reacts to make polyesters?

Answer 15

Diols + Diacids

Question 16

What reacts to form polyamides?

Answer 16

Diamines + Diacids Nylon is a polyamide

Question 17

What process is used to break down polymers?

Answer 17

Hydrolysis

Question 18

What are plastics?

Answer 18

Plastics are substances that are made up of very large, long chain molecules called polymers. Most are synthetic(not natural)

Question 19

Name 3 examples of natural polymers?

Answer 19

Silk Wool Starch Cellulose Proteins

Question 20

What is a ceramic material?

Answer 20

A ceramic is a material that is neither metallic nor organic. eg Al2O3, SiC, SiO2

Question 21

What are the properties of ceramic materials?

Answer 21

Hard/Strong Brittle Unreactive Non-Conductors of heat and electricity

Question 22

What are the uses of ceramic materials?

Answer 22

Pottery Dishes Bricks Tiles Glass Cement

Question 23

What group is this?

Answer 23

Hydroxyl

Question 24

What group is this?

Answer 24

Carboxyl (COOH)