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Chemistry > Unit 2 ii) Everyday Consumer Products > Flashcards

Unit 2 ii) Everyday Consumer Products Flashcards

1
Q

What is a carbohydrate?

A

A substance which contains only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

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2
Q

What is the H:O ratio in carbohydrates?

A

2:1

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3
Q

What is the test for starch?

A

Iodine turns blue-black

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4
Q

What is the use of a catalyst?

A

To speed up a reaction

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5
Q

What is hydrolysis?

A

The breakdown of a substance using water

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6
Q

What type of reaction takes place when glucose turns to starch?

A

Condensation Polymerisation

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7
Q

What is the name for a biological catalyst?

A

Enzyme

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8
Q

What homologus series does ethanol belong to?

A

The alkanols / the alcohols

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9
Q

What do all alkanols contain?

A

A hydroxyl group (-O-H)

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10
Q

What is the general formula of the alkanols?

A

CnH2n+1 OH

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11
Q

What is the only alcohol that can be produced by fermentation?

A

Ethanol

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12
Q

How can other alcohols be produced?

A

Corresponding alkene + water
eg propene + water > propanol
This process is known as hydration

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13
Q

Why is the maximum concentration of ethanol 12%?

A

Because the yeast stops working (denatured) by the high concentrations of alcohol

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14
Q

What process is used to increase the concentration of ethanol?

A

Distillation which is Evaporation then Condensatiom

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15
Q

What are the properties of alcohols?

A
  • Can be used as solvents
  • Very flammable
  • Good fuels as they burn with a clean flame
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16
Q

What will the combustion of an alcohol produce?

17
Q

What process can convert ethanol in ethene?

A

Dehyration

18
Q

What are the properties of alkanoic acids?

A
  • All have a carboxylic group (-COOH)

* Also called carboxylic acids

19
Q

What is the first carboxylic acid?

A

Methanoic acid - HCOOH

20
Q

What is the formula of ethanoic , propanoic and butanoic acid?

A

Ethanoic - CH3COOH
Propanoic - C2H5COOH
Butanoic - C3H7COOH

21
Q

What is the general formula of the alkanoic acids?

A

Cn-1H2n-1COOH

22
Q

Name a household product containing ethanoic acid?

A

Vinegar- it can be use for preserving food. Ethanoic acid is also found in cleaning products

23
Q

How are esters made?

A

By the condensation reaction between an alkanol and alkanoic acid

24
Q

What is the ester link?

25
Q

What process breaks down esters?

A

Hydrolysis

26
Q

Name 3 uses of esters

A

Food flavourings
Solvents
In perfumes

Chemistry (10 decks)

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