Unit 3-Human Geography Flashcards
What is Canada’s population?
32 507 874
How does population increase?
- Immigration (people move from another country)
2. Natural increase (more births than deaths)
How do we find population growth rate?
PGR= natural increase rate (NIR) + Net migration rate (NMR)
How do we find natural increase rate?
NIR = birth rate - death rate
How do we find net migration rate?
NMR = immigration rate - emigration rate
How do we find birth, death, immigration and emigration rates?
Brith rate= # of births divided by population x 1000
Death rate= # of deaths divided by population x 1000
Immigration rate= # of immigrants divided by population x 1000
Emigration rate = # of emigrants divided by population x 1000
What is demography?
Study of population numbers, distribution, trends and issues.
What is natural increase rate?
Difference between the birth rate and death rate of a country.
What is immigration?
To move permanently to a country other than one’s native country.
What is emigration?
To leave your country of origin to live permanently in another country.
What is net migration rate?
Difference between people immigrating to a country and people emigrating from the same country.
What is population growth rate?
Measurement which combines both natural increase and net migration to calculate the overall growth of a country’s population.
Calculate the population growth rate for Canada Total pop: 32 656 000 Births: 337 670 Deaths: 239 700 Immigrants: 238 600 Emigrants: 56 050
Answer on sheet
Calculate the population growth rate for Bangladesh Total pop: 150 045 600 Births: 4 082 700 Deaths: 1 462 900 Immigrants: 468 200 Emigrants: 710 400
Answers on sheet
Calculate the population growth rate for Germany Total pop: 82 422 300 Births: 680 000 Deaths: 875 300 Immigrants: 479 200 Emigrants: 299 500
Answers on sheet
Which two provinces have the largest areas of very dense population?
Ontario
Quebec
Suggest 5 reasons why Canadiens chose to live in These geographic areas?
- Income and job opportunities may be higher
- Very nice environment (not to polluted, not very cold)
- Schooling (better school and education)
- Lot of space (big province, tons of towns and cities
- Better healthcare
What 2 parts of Canada have few or no people?
- Nunavut
2. Northwest Territories
Give three reasons to explain why the population of these areas is so sparse .
- Very cold
- Not much development (jobs)
- Not many opportunities (schools, education)
What are the 3 bases population pyramid can be?
Wide base - large young population (population is growing)
Small base - small young population (population is shrinking)
Same size base - population stays the same
*they can show a baby boom and dependency load.
What is dependency load?
The portion of the population that is 15 and 65+
Which generation is the largest and what are the years of birth for this generation?
Baby boomers
1946-1965
What is generation we were born into?
Generation Z
What does dependant load mean?
Children and elders can’t work so they depend on us to pay for them
How many Canadiens live in towns and cities?
77%
How many Canadiens live in rural areas?
23%
How is population density?
Represents the number of people living in an area.
How do we calculate population density?
Population density= total population divided by area
What are the 4 patterns that can be used to describe population distribution?
- Clustered - very closely spaced and some overlapping dots
- Radom (low to medium density) - evenly spread and fairly wide-spaced
- Linear - a curved or straight line of dots
- Radom (high density) - evenly-spaced, closely-spaced and no overlapping dots.
What are 3 immigration myths?
- Immigrants take jobs away from native-born Canadiens
- Immigrants do not contribute their fair share of taxes
- Immigrants are more often involved in crime.
How does Canada benefit from immigration?
Learn about other cultures and ways of life
Many different foods are available in ethnic restaurants
Increase population and create jobs
Brings knowledge and skills that are used in the work force
Brings money and other wealth to Canada
Creates stronger ties to other countries through family connections
Canada gets a reputation for being generous and welcoming country
What are different types of immigrants?
Economic immigrants
Family immigrants
Refugees
What is a site?
Specific physical location of a community.
What factors influence where a site is located?
The lake (access to water, use it for food, transportation as energy) Precipitation & weather Room for growth Wildlife (good ecosystem) Good links to other cities Beautiful place Argucalutral land
What are some functions cities can have?
1) Manufacturing Cities
-goods are mass-produced in factories
-people live and work close to the factory
-e.g. Sarnia, ON (oil manufacturing)
2) Transportation Hubs
-provide important transportation functions
-e.g. Halifax, NS (ships, trains &a trucking)
3) Tourist Cities
-physical or human features that people want to see or experience
-money comes from outside the local economy
-e.g. Banff, AB (national park)
4) Government Centres
-provides services at local, regional or national level
-e.g. Ottawa, ON (federal capital)
5) Resource-Based Communities
-exist due to presence of natural resources
-could be forestry, mining, oil, fish, agricultural land, etc. . .
E.g. Flin Flon, MB (mining copper & zinc)
What are basic industries?
Industry that sells its product outside the community, being money into the community.
What are non-basic industries?
Industry that sells its product within the community; it does not bring money into the community.
What are high-order goods and services?
High-priced product or service that is purchased infrequently.
What are middle order goods and services?
Good or services that is bought occasionally.
What are Low order goods and services?
Product or service that is purchased frequently.
What is economic base?
Economic activities that allow a community to exist. For example, a town might exist because a mineral resource in the area is being developed.
What is a multiplier effect?
Total effect on the economy caused by an expansion or contraction in one part of it. For example, a new mine employing 300 people may cause 900 other jobs to develop manufacturing Inc and services.
For the good listed state whether it is low, middle or high order good.
BMW 328i
High order
For the good listed state whether it is low, middle or high order good.
Tooth brush
High order
For the good listed state whether it is low, middle or high order good.
Nike 2:45 shox
Middle order
What is urban sprawl?
The spread of urban communities into the surrounding rural area.
What are the 4 types of sprawl?
*know how they look like
Normal sprawl: the logical extension of development at the outer edges of an urban centre.
Linear Sprawl: Urban growth that follows important transportation routes into and out of a city.
Leapfrogging: the development of lower-priced land well removed from present urban development
In-filling: the development of less desirable areas of land that remain following leapfrogging.
What are the six categories of urban land and what precent.
Residential (yellow 40%) Commercial (red 5%) Industrial (blue 6%) Institutional (public buildings) 32% Transportation (teal) Open space (recreational)7%
Description of residential.
Where people live
Largest land use in most cities
E.g. House, apartments, buildings
Description of transportation.
The land used by roads & parking lots
Land dedicated to public transportation
E.g. Rail road tracks, GO station, parking lots
Description of commercial.
Retail businesses
Provides good and services
E.g. Restaurants, variety stores, retail stores
Description of industrial.
Provides for the processing, manufacturing, storing, and shipping of products.
E.g. Dofasco, Stelco
Description of institutional.
Land used for publicly owned buildings
Found in all parts of a city
Eg. Hospitals
Description of open space.
Includes landscaped parks and gardens
Eg. Memorial park
