Unit 3 History Flashcards
Long-lot settlement
A linear settlement pattern in which each farmstead is situated at one end of a long, narrow, rectangular lot, each lot has access to a major linear resource, usually a river or a major road
Material Culture
The physical, visible objects made and used by members of a cultural group, includes buildings, furniture
Nonmaterial culture
Intangible elements of culture including a wide range of beliefs, values, myths, and symbolic meanings passed from generation to generation
Cultural Trait
A single aspect of a given culture or society
Local Culture
rural, ethnically homogenous culture that is deeply connected to the local land, the opposite of a popular culture
Indigenous culture
A local culture that is no longer the dominant ethnic group within its traditional homeland because of migration, colonization, or political marginalization
cultural attitudes
concepts and ideas in society shaped by cultural opinions, beliefs, and perspectives, ex. Cultural attitudes about a family structure vary greatly across cultures
Popular culture
Heterogeneous culture that is more influenced by key urban areas and quick to adopt new technologies, opposite of local culture
Language
A mutually agreed-upon system of symbolic communication
Polyglot
A person who is fluent in more than two languages
Religion
A structured set of beliefs and practices through which people seek mental and physical harmony with the powers of the universe
Ethnic
A people of common ancestry and cultural tradition: characterized by a strong feeling of group identity
Race
Historically defined by the physical characteristics of a group, especially skin color
Ethnic geography
the study of spatial aspects of ethnicity
Multiculturalism
A set of policies that promote the active participation and inclusion of minority groups in national histories, national politics, and cultural institutions with the goal of embracing difference within society
Physical Landscape
all the natural physical surroundings that create and shape the places we are living in or examining
Placelessness
he feeling resulting from the standardization of the built environment, occurs where local distinctiveness is erased and many places end up with similar cultural landscapes
Modernist architecture
A functional, rational, and orderly style for building designs
Postmodern Architecture
A design style that is a reaction against modernist architecture, it has a flair for the dramatic, creating a spectacle while serving a variety of functions
Sequent occupance
Refers to the fact that many places have been controlled or affected by a variety of groups over a period of time, those groups have reshaped the functions or meanings of those places and left behind layers of meaning
Sacred spaces
Natural or human made sites that possess religious meanings and are recognized as worthy of devotion, loyalty, fear, or esteem
Secular
less influenced or controlled by religion
Subculture
A group of people with distinct norms, values, and material practices that differentiate them from the dominant culture surrounding them
Sense of place
the distinctive feeling of a place, or a person’s perception of place
Place-making
efforts to use and design public places to better serve the needs of residents a to foster a stronger community