Unit 3 : Food Security and More Flashcards
Define Food Security
- Access by all people at all times to nutritionally adequate, safe, personally acceptable foods from normal food channels
Define Food Insecurity
- Uncertain or limited access to foods of sufficient quantity or quality. This means individuals might have enough calories but not enough nutrients
Define Food Poverty
- There is enough food, but some reason people can’t obtain it , hunger occurs
Define Hunger
- uncomfortable or painful sensation caused by insufficient food energy consumption
Define Famine
- Extreme, widespread food scarcity which causes starvation in the area
What are the four pillars of food security?
- Availability - Access to sufficient amounts of food at all times
- Accessibility - Physical access and economic means to access food at all times
- Adequacy - access to food that provides adequate nourishment and is safe
- Acceptability : Access to food that is personally palatable
What are some reasons that the developing world faces hunger?
- Regional quantity, quality and availability of food
- Discrimination factors that affect distribution
- Individual household’s access to available food
- Access to clean water in sufficient quantity and health services to prevent disease and illness
- Individual childcare practices and knowledge
- Inadequate food or nutrient intakes
What are some major challenges in banishing world food insecurity ?
- Provide enough for the worlds expanding population without destroying natural resources need for continued food production
- Make sure everyone has access to this food
Although there is enough food , why can’t it be accessed ?
- Lack of Money
- Political reasons
- Countries of War
- Lack of transportation
- Cannot afford
What are some effects on the health of food insecure individuals?
- They are at a greater risk of poor mental health
- More likely to be admitted to acute care
What are the four common methods of food recovery ?
- Field gleaning - collecting crops from field that either have already been harvested or are not profitable to harvest
- Perishable food rescue or salvage- collecting perishable produce from wholesalers and markets
- Prepared food rescue - collecting prepared foods from commercial kitchens
- Non-perishable food collection- collecting processed foods from wholesalers and markets
What are some Food recovery and Access programs ?
- Food banks - provide groceries and food
- Community kitchens - individuals come together to prepare meals that they can take home to their families
- Community gardens - typically grown on donated plots of land
- School feeding programs - provides meals.
- Food Share Programs - members or communities share food they grow or harvest with each other
What is the difference between food loss and food waste ?
- Food loss is the food lost post harvest but before packaging or at retail levels.
- Food waste is food lost at retail or consumer levels.
How is food loss and waste happening at production levels and how can it be prevented ?
Loss:
- Cosmetic standards : ugly produce
- Over/under production : market changes
- Diseases / weather events
- Lack of labour to harvest
Solutions:
- Field gleaning - promote ugly sales
- Tax credit to harvesting surplus crops for donation
- Research - E.g. Disease resistant crops
How is food loss and waste happening at Transportation and Storage levels and how can it be prevented?
Loss:
- Lack of temp/humidity control
- Damage during transfers / mishandling
- Pests
Solutions:
- Buy local ; reduce long distance transportation
- research on improving shelf life
