Unit 3 : Food Security and More Flashcards
Define Food Security
- Access by all people at all times to nutritionally adequate, safe, personally acceptable foods from normal food channels
Define Food Insecurity
- Uncertain or limited access to foods of sufficient quantity or quality. This means individuals might have enough calories but not enough nutrients
Define Food Poverty
- There is enough food, but some reason people can’t obtain it , hunger occurs
Define Hunger
- uncomfortable or painful sensation caused by insufficient food energy consumption
Define Famine
- Extreme, widespread food scarcity which causes starvation in the area
What are the four pillars of food security?
- Availability - Access to sufficient amounts of food at all times
- Accessibility - Physical access and economic means to access food at all times
- Adequacy - access to food that provides adequate nourishment and is safe
- Acceptability : Access to food that is personally palatable
What are some reasons that the developing world faces hunger?
- Regional quantity, quality and availability of food
- Discrimination factors that affect distribution
- Individual household’s access to available food
- Access to clean water in sufficient quantity and health services to prevent disease and illness
- Individual childcare practices and knowledge
- Inadequate food or nutrient intakes
What are some major challenges in banishing world food insecurity ?
- Provide enough for the worlds expanding population without destroying natural resources need for continued food production
- Make sure everyone has access to this food
Although there is enough food , why can’t it be accessed ?
- Lack of Money
- Political reasons
- Countries of War
- Lack of transportation
- Cannot afford
What are some effects on the health of food insecure individuals?
- They are at a greater risk of poor mental health
- More likely to be admitted to acute care
What are the four common methods of food recovery ?
- Field gleaning - collecting crops from field that either have already been harvested or are not profitable to harvest
- Perishable food rescue or salvage- collecting perishable produce from wholesalers and markets
- Prepared food rescue - collecting prepared foods from commercial kitchens
- Non-perishable food collection- collecting processed foods from wholesalers and markets
What are some Food recovery and Access programs ?
- Food banks - provide groceries and food
- Community kitchens - individuals come together to prepare meals that they can take home to their families
- Community gardens - typically grown on donated plots of land
- School feeding programs - provides meals.
- Food Share Programs - members or communities share food they grow or harvest with each other
What is the difference between food loss and food waste ?
- Food loss is the food lost post harvest but before packaging or at retail levels.
- Food waste is food lost at retail or consumer levels.
How is food loss and waste happening at production levels and how can it be prevented ?
Loss:
- Cosmetic standards : ugly produce
- Over/under production : market changes
- Diseases / weather events
- Lack of labour to harvest
Solutions:
- Field gleaning - promote ugly sales
- Tax credit to harvesting surplus crops for donation
- Research - E.g. Disease resistant crops
How is food loss and waste happening at Transportation and Storage levels and how can it be prevented?
Loss:
- Lack of temp/humidity control
- Damage during transfers / mishandling
- Pests
Solutions:
- Buy local ; reduce long distance transportation
- research on improving shelf life
How is food loss and waste happening at Packaging , processing and manufacturing levels and how can it be prevented ?
Loss:
- Trimming and culling of off spec produce
- Process and equipment inefficiencies
- Over production
Solutions:
- Tools to identify, track and reduce food loss
- Innovative tech
- Regulatory approaches to minimize production waste
How is food loss and waste happening at the wholesale and distribution level and how can it be prevented ?
Loss :
- Losses during transport, storage
- Inappropriate packages
- Poor inventory management
Solutions :
- Proper inventory management
- Educate and build awareness
- Adopt monitoring systems during storage and transport
How is food loss and waste happening at the retail sales level and how can it be prevented ?
Loss:
- Rejected produce
- Withdrawal of products approaching or exceeding date labels
- Inaccurate forecasting and poor inventory management
Solutions:
- Proper training
- Develop standardized operating procedures
- Discount or donate foods close to best before dates
How is food loss and waste happening at the restaurant and food services levels and how can it be prevented ?
Loss:
- Food prepared but not served
- Surplus ingredients
- Customer leftover food returned to kitchen and must be disposed
Solutions:
- Education
- Ensure proper storage and inventory practices
How is food loss and waste happening at household and consumers levels and how can It be prevented ?
Loss:
- Over purchasing
- Spoilage
- Concern for food safety and freshness
- Willingness to store and eat leftover
Solutions :
- Ask for smaller portions
- Shop smart
- Share and donate
- Practice FIFO “ First in;First out”
- Check fridge
What is the Hierarchy of solutions for food loss and waste ?
- Reduce
- Recover
- Recycle
- Dispose
What is Food sovereignty ?
- The right of peoples to healthy and culturally appropriate through ecologically and sustainable methods and their right to define their own food and agricultural systems.
What is the indigenous food sovereignty about?
- It is about systems of food and the relationship between food and people
How did the indigenous food sovereignty get effected ?
- A colonized food system was forced upon indigenous peoples in Canada, their deep traditional connections were also effected because the key species that were central to indigenous diets were eliminated.
