Unit 3--Fall

Question 1

measure of the amount of kinetic energy in a material/object

Answer 1

temperature

Question 2

sum of potential and kinetic energy in an object

Answer 2

thermal energy

Question 3

thermal energy that flows from an area of high temperature to an area of low temperature

Answer 3

heat

Question 4

amount of heat required to raise 1 kg of a material by 1 degree C

Answer 4

specific heat

Question 5

transfers thermal energy by electromagnetic waves

Answer 5

radiation

Question 6

transfers thermal energy by collisions between particles in matter

Answer 6

conduction

Question 7

transfer of thermal energy in a fluid by movement of warmer and cooler fluid from place to place, like currents

Answer 7

convection

Question 8

material in which heat flows slowly

Answer 8

insulator

Question 9

material in which heat flows quickly

Answer 9

conductor

Question 10

how particles move: includes 3 parts
all matter is made up of particles, all particles are in constant, random motion and particles collide with themselves and their container

Answer 10

kinetic molecular theory

Question 11

temperature at which a solid begins to liquefy, particles slip out of their ordered arrangement

Answer 11

melting point

Question 12

amount of energy required to change a substance from solid to liquid at its melting point

Answer 12

heat of fusion

Question 13

temperature at which pressure of the vapor in the liquid is equal to external pressure acting on the surface of liquid

Answer 13

boiling point

Question 14

amount of energy required for liquid at its boiling point to become a gas

Answer 14

heat of vaporization

Question 15

spreading of particles until particles are uniformly distributed, particles move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until equilibrium

Answer 15

diffusion

Question 16

matter consisting of positively and negatively charged particles

Answer 16

plasma

Question 17

increase in size when temperature is increased

Answer 17

thermal expansion

Question 18

ability of a liquid or gas to exert an upward force on an object immersed in it

Answer 18

buoyancy

Question 19

force per unit area; measured in pascals

Answer 19

pressure

Question 20

mass divided by volume

Answer 20

density

Question 21

resistance to flow of a fluid; resistance of a fluid to flow

Answer 21

viscosity

Question 22

Newton / meter squared; measure of pressure

Answer 22

pascal

Question 23

plasma, solid, liquid, gas

Answer 23

four states of matter

Question 24

buoyant force of an object is equal to the weight of the fluid the object displaces; if these are equal the object floats

Answer 24

Archimedes’ Principle

Question 25

pressure applied to a fluid is transmitted unchanged throughout the fluid

Answer 25

Pascal's Principle

Question 26

pressure exerted by a fluid decreases as it's velocity increases; faster moving particles have less pressure than slower moving particles

Answer 26

Bernoulli's Principle

Question 27

when volume of a gas decreases, the pressure increases at a constant temperature

Answer 27

Boyle's Law

Question 28

volume of a gas increases when temperature increases at constant pressure

Answer 28

Charles's Law

Question 29

repeating disturbance/movement that transfers energy through matter/space

Answer 29

wave

Question 30

matter waves travel though

Answer 30

medium

Question 31

matter in medium moves perpendicular to wave direction

Answer 31

transverse wave

Question 32

matter in medium moves in same direction as wave travels

Answer 32

compressional wave/longitudinal wave

Question 33

high points (top) in wave

Answer 33

crests

Question 34

low points (bottom) in wave

Answer 34

troughs

Question 35

dense region of compressional wave

Answer 35

compression

Question 36

less dense region of compressional wave

Answer 36

rarefaction

Question 37

distance crest to crest in transverse wave OR distance from compression to compression in compressional wave

Answer 37

wavelength

Question 38

number of wavelengths passing a fixed point in a second

Answer 38

frequency

Question 39

amount of time it take one wavelength to pass a point

Answer 39

period

Question 40

frequency times wavelength

Answer 40

wave speed

Question 41

distance from rest position to top of crest or bottom of trough

Answer 41

amplitude of transverse wave

Question 42

distance between coils in compressions and rarefaction

Answer 42

amplitude of longitudinal waves (compressional)

Question 43

wave strikes an object and bounces off

Answer 43

reflection

Question 44

bending of a wave caused by change in speed as it moves from medium to medium

Answer 44

refraction

Question 45

an object causes a wave to change direction and bend around the object

Answer 45

diffraction

Question 46

waves overlap and combine to form a new wave

Answer 46

interference

Question 47

waves in phase; 2 or more waves arrive at the same place at the same time to form a new wave, amplitudes are added together in the new wave

Answer 47

constructive interference

Question 48

waves out of phase; 2 or more waves arrive at the same place at the same time to form new wave, amplitudes are subtracted from each other in new wave

Answer 48

destructive interference

Question 49

wave pattern where waves of equal wavelength and amplitude travel in opposite directions

Answer 49

standing wave

Question 50

object vibrates by absorbing energy at its natural frequencies

Answer 50

resonance

Question 51

vibrating electric charges; transfer energy between vibrating electric and magnetic fields; travel through space

Answer 51

electromagnetic waves

Question 52

energy carried by electromagnetic waves

Answer 52

radiant energy

Question 53

particles whose energy depends on frequency of waves

Answer 53

photon

Question 54

low frequency electromagnetic waves with wavelengths longer than 1mm

Answer 54

radio waves

Question 55

radio waves with wavelengths less than 1m

Answer 55

microwaves

Question 56

electromagnetic waves with wavelength between 1mm and 750 billionths of a meter; thermal energy is transmitted by these

Answer 56

infrared waves

Question 57

range of electromagnetic waves detectable with your eyes; wavelengths from 750 billionths to 400 billionths of a meter

Answer 57

visible light

Question 58

electromagnetic waves with wavelength from 400 billionths to 10 billionths of a meter; cause sunburn and damage skin

Answer 58

ultraviolet waves

Question 59

electromagnetic waves with wavelengths from 10billionths of a meter to 10 trillionths of a meter; uses in medicine and airports

Answer 59

X-rays

Question 60

electromagnetic waves with wavelengths shorter than 10 trillionths of a meter; highest energy electromagnetic waves

Answer 60

gamma rays

Question 61

system of satellites, monitoring stations and receivers to determine exact location at or above Earth's surface

Answer 61

Global Positioning System (GPS)