Unit 1--Fall Flashcards
Strengthen knowledge of vocabulary AND increase comprehension of subject
change of position and direction
motion
total length of path
distance
distance and direction of an object’s change in position from the starting point, reference point
displacement
distance an object travels per unit time; distance divided by time
speed
total distance traveled divided by the total time of travel
average speed
speed at a given point in time
instantaneous speed
speed of object and direction of motion
velocity
rate of change of velocity; difference between ending velocity and beginning velocity divided by the time taken to make the change
CAN BE constant speed with change in direction
acceleration
speeding up; ending velocity is higher than initial velocity
positive acceleration
slowing down; final velocity is lower than initial velocity
negative acceleration
two or more forces act on an object at the same time; combined forces
net force
push or pull
force
equal forces that act in opposite direction; net force of zero
balanced forces
tendency of an object to resist a change in motion
inertia
motion of an object does not change unless an unbalanced net force acts on the object; object in motion stays in motion and/or object at rest stays at rest unless acted on by outside force
Newton’s First Law of Motion
acceleration of an object is in the same direction as net force on object; acceleration can be calculated by dividing force by mass.
Newton’s Second Law of Motion
force opposes sliding motion of two surfaces in contact with one another
friction
frictional force that prevents two surfaces from sliding past each other; force isn’t large enough to break microwelds
static friction
force that opposes the motion of two surfaces sliding past one another; microwelds are breaking and reforming as object slides along
sliding friction
forces opposes motion of objects that move through air; causes objects to fall at differenct speeds
air resistance
highest speed a falling object will reach
terminal velocity
attractive force between all objects with mass
gravity
gravitational force exerted on an object
weight
net force exerted toward the center of a curved path
centripetal force
one object exerts a force on a second object, the second object exerts a force of equal size and opposite direction as the first object
Newton’s Third Law of Motion
mass times velocity of an object
momentum
energy of moving object due to motion
kinetic energy
stored energy due to position
potential energy
unit energy is measured in
joule
ability to cause change; to do work
energy
energy stored in an object that can stretch or compress
elastic potential energy
energy stored in chemical bonds
chemical potential energy
energy stored by objects due to position above Earth’s surface
gravitational potential energy
sum of potential and kinetic energy in a system
mechanical energy
energy can be cannot be created nor destroyed; it can only change form
Law of Conservation of Energy