UNIT 3- EXPOSURE Flashcards
What are the three components that make up exposure
- Aperture: The size of the opening in
the lens when a picture is taken - Shutter Speed: The amount of time
the shutter is open to let light into the
lens - ISO: The sensitivity of the medium
to absorb light
Overexposure
Why: If you leave your lens open for a long time you let too much light in
How to tell: washed out
Underexposure
Why: if you dont leave lens open long enough you dont let enough light into your camera
How to tell: picture is too dark
Characteristics of F-Stops
- Smaller F-stops (2.8, 4, 5.6) = a larger opening of the lens, lots of light into camera, shallow depth of field (close up in focus)
- Larger F-stops (11, 16, 22) = a smaller
opening of the lens, less light into camera, large depth of field (far away in focus)
How are the series of aperture numbers arranged/set up?
Each of these numbers correspond to the size of the opening in the lens and controls the volume of light coming into the camera. Arranged so each number has half or double the light intensity as the one next to it.
What happens to the light when you click your aperture ring up one f-stop?
Double light intensity
What happens to the light when you click your aperture ring down two f-stops?
Light intensity is decreased by 4 (four times less light)
What is Aperture?
The size of the opening in the lens when a
picture is taken
Aperture controls the amount of light that
enters the camera
What is Aperture used for?
Controlling the depth of field of a picture
Define shutter speed.
The amount of time the light is allowed to enter the camera
What is shutter speed?
Shutter speed is the amount of time you open the diaphragm in the lens allowing the camera to capture the objects in the picture and controlling how long light is allowed in.
What is ISO?
The sensitivity of the medium to absorb light.
ISO stands for International Standard Organization which is the industry standard scale which light is measured
What happens when you leave the lens open too long?
too much light comes in and motion is captured as a blur
What happens when you close the lens quick?
not enough light enters the camera and the motion will be captured frozen in mid air.
higher ISO
the more sensitive the medium (film) is to light
Grainy picture and more light
What is Depth of Field?
The area of sharpness (from near to far) within a photograph, or the areas that are in focus (from near to far)
lower ISO
the less sensitive the medium (film) is to light
picture quality is good but dark
What must you do to ensure a properly exposed negative?
Combination of shutter speed and aperture that lets in right amount of light for that scene
Timing of shutter speeds: if there is “ next to a number example 2” how long is the shutter speed.
The shutter speed is in seconds when “ is next to it. The speed is slow which will cause the photo to be blurry
Timing of shutter speeds: if the number is 1/x example 1/60 how long is the shutter speed and what is the result?
It’s is as fast as any fraction of a second. The speed is so fast the photo will be clear.
How does the shutter speed and the aperture relate to each other and used in combination to make good exposures
For motion shots:
Adjust the shutter speed and use aperture to counter balance
Definition of Exposure
the total amount of light that is allowed
to fall onto a medium, the memory
card in your digital camera or cell
phone camera.
Say we have a high ISO of 1600 (Sensitive and able to absorb lots of light).
What will we have to do to either Aperture or Shutter speed to get a perfectly exposed picture (balanced in the light meter)?
Make the shutter speed faster and reduce the light coming into the camera (less time for the light to come in)
Make the aperture higher and reduce the light coming into the camera (smaller hole for the light to come in)
what is the Sunny 16 rule?
Setting your f stop/aperature at 16 ( F/16 )
Setting your shutter speed at 1/125 - nikon and 1/250 canon
this keeps the light balanced
