Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Botany > Unit 3 Exam > Flashcards

Unit 3 Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Three Sisters

A

Corn, beans, squash

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Corn

A

grows tall, provides infrastructure for beans to grow on, access deep water with roots, carbohydrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Beans

A

use corn stalk as support, fix nitrogen, protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Squash

A

spreads out low, suppresses weeds, retains soil moisture, shallow roots prevent soil erosion, vitamins, fiber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Modifying Plants to Fit the Land

A

sustainable soil health, preservation of biodiversity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Fourth Sister

A

Sunflower, attracts bees for pollination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Complete Flowers

A

all four floral appendages: sepals, petals, stamens, carpels (pistil)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Incomplete Flowers

A

lack at least one appendage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Sepals

A

outermost floral appendage, modified leaves surround maturing flower, protect the bud, together are “calyx”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Petals

A

located above the sepals on the receptacle, contain pigments, attract pollinators, collectively are corolla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Perianth

A

sepals and petals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Stamens

A

Above petals, called androecium, two parts (anther/filament), diploid until meiosis, microspores form pollen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Carpels

A

collectively gynoecium, contain the stigma, style, and ovary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Stigma

A

catches pollen grains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Style

A

elevates the stigma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Ovary

A

where megaspores are produced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Placentae

A

bear small structures called ovules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Ovule

A

develops into a seed after fertilized, surrounds ovary develops into a fruit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Inferior Ovaries

A

fused bases of stamens, petals, and sepals (epigynous)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Superior Ovaries

A

ovary sits above the other floral parts (hypogynous)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Intermediate

A

partially buried ovaries are half-inferior (perigynous)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The primary function of a sepal is:

A

Protection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Cross-pollination

A

pollen from a different individual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Self-pollination

A

pollen from the same flower or another on the same plant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Compatibility Barriers

A

Chemical reactions between pollen and carpals that prevent pollen tube growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Imperfect Flower

A

lack either stamens and carpels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Dioecious Species

A

individual plants produce only staminate flowers or carpellate flowers, ensures cross-pollination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Monoecy

A

condition of having staminate flowers located on the same plant as the carpellate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Actinomorphic Flowers

A

radially symmetrical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Zygomorphic Flowers

A

Flowers that coevolved with animals are often bilaterally symmetrical, like their pollinators, easier for animals to interact with

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Bat-Pollinated Flowers

A

large, bell-shaped, smelly, “pollination syndromes”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

A flower without petals is most likely pollinated by:

A

wind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Wind-pollinated Flowers

A

usually have no petals and reduced or absent sepals, huge number of pollen grains, large, feathery stigmas increase the area, dense populations

34
Q

Inflorescence

A

smaller flowers with fewer ovules grouped together

35
Q

Alternation of Generations

A

Sporophyte, gametophyte

36
Q

Microgametophyte

37
Q

Megagametophyte

38
Q

Microspores

A

anther, matures into a pollen

39
Q

Megaspores

A

ovule, only one variable, divides 3 times to make 8 nuclei, one cell becomes an egg

40
Q

Pollen Grain

A

Produces two sperm

41
Q

Where is meiosis occurring (Angiosperm)?

A

Sporangia (produces haploid spores (anthers/ovaries))

42
Q

Where is mitosis occurring (Angiosperm)?

A

Microspore -> pollen
Megaspore -> embryo sac

43
Q

Endosperm (3n)

A

formed by double fertilization, undergoes mitotic division for nutrient storage

44
Q

Where is fertilization (Angiosperms)?

A

ovule (inside the ovary)

45
Q

Sporophyte (angiosperm)

46
Q

Microsporophyte (angiosperm)

47
Q

Megasporocyte (angiosperm)

48
Q

Microspore (angiosperm)

49
Q

Megaspore (angiosperm)

50
Q

Pollen grain (angiosperm)

51
Q

Embryo sac (angiosperm)

52
Q

Pollen Tube

A

penetrates into the stigma and makes its way to the ovule

53
Q

Embryo Sac

A

eight cells

54
Q

Plasmogamy

A

fusion of the protoplasts of the gametes

55
Q

Karyogamy

A

fusion of the nuclei

56
Q

Monobiontic

A

one stage with mitosis

57
Q

Dibiontic

A

two stages with mitosis

58
Q

Anisogamy

A

gametes are slightly different

59
Q

Oogamy

A

gametes are very different: sperm and egg

60
Q

Chlamydomonas Life Cycle

A

monobiontic, haploid dominant, isogamous

61
Q

Ulva Life Cycle

A

dibiontic, diplohaplontic, isogamous, isomorphic

62
Q

Derbesia Life Cycle

A

dibiontic, alternation of generations, angisogamous, heteromorphic

63
Q

Focus Life Cycle

A

monobiontic, diplontic, oogamous

64
Q

Green Algae

A

closely related to land plants, most diverse body plans

65
Q

Red Algae

A

contain phycobilin accessory pigments that are aggregated in phycobilisomes

66
Q

Brown Algae

A

almost exclusively marine, only a few freshwater species are known

67
Q

Macroalgae Structure

A

blade, pneumatocyst, stipe, holdfast

68
Q

Challenges of Growing Under Water

A

salinity, gas exchange, light attenuation

69
Q

Fucoxanthin

A

brown algae pigment, twice as much as chlorophyll, harvests blue and green light, makes brown algae brown

70
Q

Algae Consumption

A

source of VitB12, protein, minerals, omegas

71
Q

Dry Adaptations

A

vascular system, cuticle, stomatal control, bark, DT

72
Q

DT

A

most seeds and spores are DT, most nonvascular plants are DT, a few vascular plants are DT (hornworts, mosses, liverworts)

73
Q

Liverworts

A

no stomata, Hepatophyta

74
Q

Mosses

75
Q

Hornworts

A

Anthocerotophyta

76
Q

Lycophytes (club mosses)

A

vascular system, microphylls (tiny leaves), resurrection plant

77
Q

Rhizoids

A

base of the stem (anchor gametophyte)

78
Q

Protonema Filament

A

gives rise to multiple gametophores

79
Q

Foot

A

the interface with the gametophore

80
Q

Capsule

A

single sporangium where spores are produced

81
Q

Seta

A

between the foot and the sporangium

Botany (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions