Unit 3 exam Flashcards
Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) (ASA)
-used for mild or moderate pain
-produces an antipyretic (fever reducing) effect
-Adverse reactions: GI upset
-Contraindication: don’t give to children with flu or chickenpox
-ASA toxicity: dizziness, tinnitus, impaired hearing, NVD, sweating, rapid deep breathing, confusion, respiratory depression, coma
Tylenol (acetaminophen) (APAP)
-used for patients who have gastric upset from aspirin
-has an antipyretic effect (better than aspirin)
-Adverse reaction: hepatotoxicity, hepatic failure, liver disease, liver problems
-Contraindications: patients w/ acute alcohol toxicity, severe or recurrent fever
-APAP toxicity: doesn’t show up for 24 hours after taking a toxic dose, NV, confusion, tinnitus, liver tenderness, hypotension, arrhythmias, jaundice, acute hepatic and renal failure
NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug)
-OTC: Advil/Motrin (ibuprofen), Aleve/Naprosyn (naproxen)
-Rx: Celebrex (celecoxib), Voltaren (disclofenac), Mobic (meloxicam)
-Reduces inflammation and has some antipyretic properties
-Adverse reactions: GI upset, abdominal pain
-Contraindications: GI bleeds, renal or hepatic failure
Tylenol 3
-combination of acetaminophen and codeine
-Adverse reaction: state of sedation, respiratory depression
-Precautions: renal or hepatic impairment
Narcotics
-used for moderate to severe pain relief
-Duragesic (fentanyl), Demerol (meperidine), Dolophine (methadone), morphine, OxyContin (oxycodone), Norco/Vicodin (Hydrocodone)
-Adverse Reactions: pinpoint pupils
CNS: euphoria, HA
GI: dry mouth
Contraindication: renal and hepatic dysfunction
Withdrawal-Abstinence syndrome
-Early: yawning, tearing, rhinorrhea, sweating
-Intermediate: pupil dilation, tachycardia, twitching, tremor, restlessness, irritability, anxiety, anorexia
-Late: muscle spasm, fever, kicking mvmt, weakness, depression, weight loss, body aches, severe headache, hot and cold flashes, etc.
When withdrawal happens, 72 hours after last dose, is when its at its worse
Non-Narcotic Analgesic
-Ultram (tramadol)
-has anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving effects
-precautions: can cause nephrotoxicity
