Chpt 2: Respiratory System Flashcards
Bronchodilators/ Beta 2 Agonist
helps treat asthma (hyperactivity of the airways)
Sympathomimetics
-end in suffix “-terol”
-Ex: Ventolin (albuterol)
-Adverse reaction: restlessness, anxiety, HTN (increases things), arrhythmias
-Precautions: patients with HTN
Xanthine Derivatives
-end in suffix “-phylline”
-Ex: Theochron (theophylline)
-Adverse reaction: HTN and uncontrolled arrythmias
Anticholinergics
-suffux “-tropium”
-Ex: Spiriva (tiotropium)
-Adverse reaction: nervousness, anxiety, jittery
Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists
-Suffix “-lukast”
-Singulair (montelukast sodium)
-does not treat asthmatic crisis
Corticosteroids
-suffix “-sone”
-FloVent (fluticasomne) lower respiratory tract; Nasonex (mometasone furoate) nasal
-Contraindication: doesn’t treat acute bronchospasm
T/F: Corticosteroid is given 1st and bronchodilator is given 2nd
False; Bronchodilators are given 1st then Corticosteroid 2nd
Decongestants
-Suffix “ine”
-Sudafed (pseudoephedrine) oral
-Afrin (oxymetazoline) & epinephrine (Primatene mist) topical spray— rebound congestion
-Contraindication: patients w/ HTN (for oral medicine)
Decongestants
-Suffix “ine”
-Sudafed (pseudoephedrine) oral
-Afrin (oxymetazoline) & epinephrine (Primatene mist) topical spray— rebound congestion
-Contraindication: patients w/ HTN (for oral medicine)
Antihistamines
-Suffix “ine”
-Zyrtec (cetirizine), Allegra (fexofenadine), Claritin (loratadine), Benadryl (diphenhydramine)
-Adverse reaction: drowsiness, mucous membrane dryness
-Non-medical: Local Honey helps with allergies (slowly works)
Antitussives
-stops cough
Non-narcotic: Tessalon (benzonatate), Delsym/Robitussin (dextromethorphan)
-Narcotic: codeine sulfate (lean)
-Adverse reactions: patients may experience respiratory depression
-Alcohol intake or other narcotics in conjunction with narcotic antitussive can increase the effects of the narcotics
Expectorant (over the counter)
-thins and loosens mucus
-Mucinex/Robitussin (guaifenesin)
-Adverse reactions: NV, anorexia
-Precautions: patients w/ persistent cough
Mucolytic (prescription)
-Thins and loosens mucus
-Mucomyst (acetylcysternie)—primarily given by nebulizer
-Precautions: patients with severe respiratory insufficiency, asthma
Spirometry
-Used to measure lung capacity, volumes, and flow rate
-Pretest care
No caffeine prior
Lung Volume
-Tidal volume (TV)- amount you breath when at rest
-Inspiratory Reserve (IR)- forced deep breath where you cannot inhale anymore
-Expiratory Reserve (ER)- forced exhale until you cannot exhale anymore
-Residual Volume- what’s left over passed the forced exhale of the ER
Peak Expiratory Flow
-these come as handheld devices for patient use
-the patient finds their baseline measurement
-patient uses percentage of that baseline to determine zones
-Green zone = safety (80-100%)
-Yellow zone = caution (50-79%)
-Red zone = danger (below 49%)
Bronchoscopy
-Camera allows for visualization of trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles
-procedures can also be performed: removal of polyps, aspirated foreign bodies, stent placement
