UNIT 3 Energy Transformation Flashcards
It is defined as the capcity to do work
Energy
ATP
Adenosine Triphosphate
The energy released from the breakdown of food and transfwrred in molecules
ATP ( Adenosine Triphosphate)
A double ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms
Adenine
ADP
Adenisine Diphosphate
NAD
Nictinamide Adnenin Dinucleotide
NADP
Nictonamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate
FAS
Flavin Dinucleotide
Both molecules have a nitrogen- containing ring celled
Nicotinic Acid
In FAD, the chemically active Portion
Flavin Group
The removal of electrons or protons coenzymes
Oxidation
Addition of electrons to a molecule
Reduction
The chemical reactions performed by the coenzymes
Oxidatition-reduction reactions
It is the ability to do work or to produce changes in matter
Energy
It is a very viral process on which almost all living things depend, either directly or indirectly. Comes from the loght of the sun.
Photosynthesis
He is a flemish botanist the first who studied photosynthesis in 1630
Jonvan Helmont (1580-1644)
In 1772, showed that a spring of mint would “restore” air that had been “injured” by a burning candle
Joseph Priestley (1733-1804)
Supported the findings of priestley, and added that this air (oxygen) could only be restoeed by plants if the sun was shinning
Jan Ingenhouz (1730-1799)
Weighed both the air and the plant before and after phtosynthesis
Nicholas de Saussure (1767, 1845)
In 1930s, of standford University was able to prove that light splits water, prducing oxygen
C.B. Van Niel (1897-1985)
Plants Phtosynthesis: an overview
Heterotrophs
Autotrophs
Other eating, cannot synthesize their own food and depend on autotrophs and other organisms for their substance
Heterotrophs (other eating)
Self-feeding, Synthesize their own food
Autotrophs
Autorophic organisms are of two main types
Photoautotrophs
Chemosutotrophs
Which include green plants and purole bacteria and can utilize light energy to synthesize organic molecules
Photoautotrophs
Which includes some bacteria that can synthesize organic substances from the inorganic substances in their environment and are not dependent on light energy
Chemoautotrophs
Involve the stable transfer of electrons netween atoms
Oxidation reduction or Redox reaction
An atom or molecules is said to be REDUCED when it GAINS one or more electrons
.
When it LOSES on or more electrons it is OXIDIZED
.
Are the mahir site of phtosynthesis in green plants
Leaves
Are abundant in the leafs mesophyll layer
Chloroplasts
The layer next to the outer surface layer of the cells
Epidermis
Is a form of electromagnetic (em) radiation which is a wave that has electric and magnetic components
Light
Light also has a particle like quality consisting of diescrete particles
Protons
It is the mahor photosynthetic pogment
Chlorophyll
The other phtosynthetic pigments
Accessory Pigments
Hundred of theses pigments are organize into light collecting units
Photosynstems
Energy carrier
adenosine Triphosphate (atp)
Is bonded to rubise to form a unit
adenosine
This process is termed Dephosphorylation
Dephosphrylation
It is catalyzed bu he enzyme
At Phase
After dephosphorylation, two phosphate groups and adenosine remain dormint the compund
Adenosine Diphosphate or ADP
The process is generally refered as?
Phosphorylation
