Unit 3 Culture: Terminology Flashcards
define simple diffusion
only water, O2, CO2 and lipids cross cell envelope by concentration gradient
define active transport
transport of solutes by carrier proteins, nrg dependent often against [gradient]
define constitutive enzymes
produced by the cell independent of the medium in which it is growing
define inducible enzyme
produced in response to a stimulus (may be presence or absence of substrate)
define constitutive-inducible enzyme (gene/gene product)
alway produced at low levels but production is increase in presence of stimulus
define fastidious
vary in their nutritional requirements and do not grow in ambient air
define semi fastidious
require blood to grow well (often benefits from increased C02)
define non fastidious
grow in the absence of blood on base media in ambient air
define mesophile
optimum growth temp is 25-45 C
define routine incubation
Ambient air 78N 21O and 0.03 co2. 35 degrees
characteristics of obligate aerobe
grow in presence of free O2
require O2 for metabolism
routine aerobic incubation
define facultative anaerobe
grow in presence or absence of O2.
define obligate anaerobe
varies in sensitivity to O2 can be aerotolerant, moderate anaerobe or strict anaerobe
define aerotolerant
benefits from growth in Co2 incubator, don’t use O2 but can tolerate it. 15-19 02
define moderate anaerobe
Oxygen less than 3 percent therefore Can’t survive in co2 incubator or routine
define strict anaerobe
Dies in presence of 02 even 10 mins of 0.5 % o2 lethal
characteristics of capnophile
grow best in increase C02 (5-10%)
characteristics of microaerophile
grow best in low oxygen tension (5-10%) and increase CO2 (8-10%)
define isotonic
maintenance of osmotic pressure. 0.5 %NaCl
characteristics nutrient (basal) media
supports non fastidious org, does not enhance or inhibit bacterial
characteristics of enriched media
supports more fastidious org by addition of special nutrients but no added inhibitory ingredients
characteristics of selective media
inhibitory agents suppress growth of some, selects for other particular org
characteristics of differential media
factors added to aid in distinguishing diff bacteria growing on same plate
what is alpha hemolysis
greenish colony not hemolysis
what is beta hemolysis
complete hemolysis
what is gamma hemolysis
no hemolysis
e.g. of constitutive enzyme
enzymes involved in glycolysis
e.g. of inducible enzymes
galactosidase is produced in response to lactose
define group translocation
requires org and molecules are modified for transport. purines, fatty acids etc
Describe candle jars
Reduced o2 to 5 percent. Generates 3 percent c02
