Unit 3 Civil Rights Vocab

Question 1

The protection of individuals based on race, gender, disability, sexual orientation, (or other group identity)

Answer 1

Civil Rights

Question 2

Prohibits states from denying any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws

Answer 2

Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment

Question 3

Policies favoring those who tend to suffer from discrimination, especially in relation to employment or education

Answer 3

Affirmative Action

Question 4

Requirement to admit certain amounts of minority students into college or award a certain percentage of government contracts to minority owned businesses (not allowed)

Answer 4

Quota system

Question 5

When passing laws that treat racial or religious groups differently, the legislature must have passed the law to further a “compelling governmental interest,” and must have narrowly tailored the law to achieve that interest

Answer 5

Strict Scrutiny

Question 6

The Constitutional right to privacy extends to a woman’s decision to have an abortion

Answer 6

Roe v Wade

Question 7

Race based school segregation violates the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment

Answer 7

Brown v Board of Education

Question 8

Principle established in the case Plessy v. Ferguson stating that segregation was allowable

Answer 8

Separate but equal doctrine

Question 9

(1) prohibits discrimination in employment on the basis of race, color, national origin, religion, or gender; (2) ended Jim Crow segregation in hotels, restaurants, and other places of public accommodation

Answer 9

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Question 10

No discrimination in education based on sex or gender

Answer 10

Title IX

Question 11

Open letter from Martin Luther King Jr. that defends the strategy of nonviolent resistance to racism

Answer 11

Letter from a Birmingham Jail