unit 3 chapter 7

Question 1

3 components of nucleotides

Answer 1

pentose, phosphate, nitrogenous base

Question 2

nitrogenous bases for DNA

Answer 2

A = T
C = G

Question 3

nitrogenous bases for RNA

Answer 3

A = U
C = G

Question 4

allows stable double helix

Answer 4

DNA

Question 5

prevents stable double helix

Answer 5

RNA

Question 6

major groove of double helix

Answer 6

the region of double helix where enzymes and proteins can interact with DNA

Question 7

minor grooves of double helix

Answer 7

the region of the double helix where regulatory proteins bind to DNA to block other proteins

Question 8

B form DNA

Answer 8

right handed helix (clockwise); 10 base pairs

Question 9

A form DNA

Answer 9

(in vivo) right handed helix (clockwise); 11 base pairs

Question 10

Z form DNA

Answer 10

left handed helix (counterclockwise); 12 base pairs; gene regulation in some cells

Question 11

DNA strands synthesize only from the __ end to __ end

Answer 11

5’ to 3’

Question 12

mRNA contains genetic codes called

Answer 12

codons

Question 13

codons

Answer 13

3 letter “words” that code for a specific amino acid in RNA

Question 14

tRNA contains ___ that are complementary to codons

Answer 14

anticodons

Question 15

tRNA carries ___ to ___ during protein synthesis/translation

Answer 15

amino acid to ribosomes

Question 16

central dogma of molecular biology

Answer 16

DNA is SELF REPLICATING
DNA turns into mRNA via TRANSCRIPTION of NUCLEIC ACIDS
mRNA turns into PROTEIN via TRANSLATION BY RIBOSOMES of AMINO ACIDS

Question 17

DNA replication can occur…

Answer 17

prior to/before binary fission

Question 18

first proteins of DNA replication

Answer 18

DnaA

Question 19

DnaA

Answer 19

DnaA