Unit 3 Ch 13 Host Defenses 2

Question 1

Which type of lymphocytes is activated quickly by PAMPs?

Answer 1

gamma-delta T cells

Question 2

Upon entry of foreign cells of pathogens into tissue, phatocytic cells called ….?… cells ingest the intruder and then migrate to the nearest lymphoid organ to present antigen to T lymphocytes.

Answer 2

Dendritic cells

Question 3

One set of genes that codes for human cell markers or receptors is the….

also called the human leukocyte antigen system.

Answer 3

Major Histocompatibility Complex. This marker set plays a vital role in recognition of self by the immune system & in rejection of foreign tissue.

Question 4

Upon phagocytosis of antigens, the phagocytic cell can induce an ….?… response in the surrounding tissues

Answer 4

inflammatory

Question 5

haptens

Answer 5

small foreign molecules that are too small by themselves to elicit an immune response. hapten serves as the epitope.

Question 6

In most immune reactions, the antigen must be formally presented to lymphocytes by: ?
give examples

APC

Answer 6

Antigen presenting cells APCs
examples: Macrophages, B cells, Dendritic cells

Question 7

MHC class 1 proteins allow for the recognition of ….? molecules.

Answer 7

self

Question 8

Which of the following cell types does not express MHC class II molecules on its surface?
T lymphocytes, Macrophages, Dendritic cells, or B lymphocytes?

Answer 8

T lymphocytes

Question 9

CD molecules are cell surface markers. CD stands for: 2 words

Answer 9

Cluster of differentiation

Question 10

MHC 1 molecules are found on which cells ?

Answer 10

all nucleated cells. they display uniqe characteristics of self & allow for the recognition of sel molecules & regulation of immune reactions.

Question 11

Cell surface molecules involved in detection, recognition, & cell communication are called…?

Answer 11

receptors

Question 12

T cells release what? T cells secrete soluble mediators called ____ that help destroy pathogens & regulate immune response.

Answer 12

Cytokines, interleukins, lymphokines

Question 13

MHC class I molecules on host cells display unique characteristics of self which is important to the process of____ .
First line immune defense; tissue rejection; phagocytosis; transformation

Answer 13

TISSUE REJECTION

Question 14

Major HIstocompatibility Complex MHC molecules cell receptors found on all human cells except_______?

Answer 14

on red blood cells. critical role in immune system distinguishing between self and non self. Also called Human leukocyte antigen HLA

Question 15

the 3 classes of MHC genes

Question 16

MHC class 1 molecules

Answer 16

found on all nucleated human cells.
MAKING SURE THAT PROTEIN SYNTHESIS FUNCTIONS WELL.
cytotoxic T cells are looking at mhc class 1 molecules to make sure they are only showing proteins that your human cells should be making.
-Display endogenous (internal) antigens
-Cytotoxic T cells can check out protein
- Infected or cancerous cells display abnormal non self antigens

Question 17

MHC class II molecules

Answer 17

Found on macrophages, dendritic cells & B cells;
These antigen presenting cells engulf foreign material & present fragments
SHOWING NON SELF ANTIGENS TO T CELLS.
Exogenous (external) fragments presented in MHC Class II to T cells

Question 18

MHC

MHC class I molecules on host cells display unique characteristics of self which is important to the process of_____

Answer 18

tissue rejection

Question 19

CD

T cell develop from bone marrow stem cells & mature in the thymus. Which coreceptors do T lymphocytes express?

Answer 19

CD3: surround the T cell receptro and assist in binding
CD4: helps T cell receptor bind to MHC class II molecules
CD8: found on cytotoxic T cells & helps bind MHC class I molecules

cluster of differentiation