Unit 3 Ch 13 Host Defenses 2 Flashcards
Which type of lymphocytes is activated quickly by PAMPs?
gamma-delta T cells
Upon entry of foreign cells of pathogens into tissue, phatocytic cells called ….?… cells ingest the intruder and then migrate to the nearest lymphoid organ to present antigen to T lymphocytes.
Dendritic cells
One set of genes that codes for human cell markers or receptors is the….
also called the human leukocyte antigen system.
Major Histocompatibility Complex. This marker set plays a vital role in recognition of self by the immune system & in rejection of foreign tissue.
Upon phagocytosis of antigens, the phagocytic cell can induce an ….?… response in the surrounding tissues
inflammatory
haptens
small foreign molecules that are too small by themselves to elicit an immune response. hapten serves as the epitope.
In most immune reactions, the antigen must be formally presented to lymphocytes by: ?
give examples
APC
Antigen presenting cells APCs
examples: Macrophages, B cells, Dendritic cells
MHC class 1 proteins allow for the recognition of ….? molecules.
self
Which of the following cell types does not express MHC class II molecules on its surface?
T lymphocytes, Macrophages, Dendritic cells, or B lymphocytes?
T lymphocytes
CD molecules are cell surface markers. CD stands for: 2 words
Cluster of differentiation
MHC 1 molecules are found on which cells ?
all nucleated cells. they display uniqe characteristics of self & allow for the recognition of sel molecules & regulation of immune reactions.
Cell surface molecules involved in detection, recognition, & cell communication are called…?
receptors
T cells release what? T cells secrete soluble mediators called ____ that help destroy pathogens & regulate immune response.
Cytokines, interleukins, lymphokines
MHC class I molecules on host cells display unique characteristics of self which is important to the process of____ .
First line immune defense; tissue rejection; phagocytosis; transformation
TISSUE REJECTION
Major HIstocompatibility Complex MHC molecules cell receptors found on all human cells except_______?
on red blood cells. critical role in immune system distinguishing between self and non self. Also called Human leukocyte antigen HLA
the 3 classes of MHC genes
MHC class 1 molecules
found on all nucleated human cells.
MAKING SURE THAT PROTEIN SYNTHESIS FUNCTIONS WELL.
cytotoxic T cells are looking at mhc class 1 molecules to make sure they are only showing proteins that your human cells should be making.
-Display endogenous (internal) antigens
-Cytotoxic T cells can check out protein
- Infected or cancerous cells display abnormal non self antigens
MHC class II molecules
Found on macrophages, dendritic cells & B cells;
These antigen presenting cells engulf foreign material & present fragments
SHOWING NON SELF ANTIGENS TO T CELLS.
Exogenous (external) fragments presented in MHC Class II to T cells
MHC
MHC class I molecules on host cells display unique characteristics of self which is important to the process of_____
tissue rejection
CD
T cell develop from bone marrow stem cells & mature in the thymus. Which coreceptors do T lymphocytes express?
CD3: surround the T cell receptro and assist in binding
CD4: helps T cell receptor bind to MHC class II molecules
CD8: found on cytotoxic T cells & helps bind MHC class I molecules
cluster of differentiation