unit 3 - cells Flashcards
what are cells
the smallest and most basic unit of life that can live on its own-makes up all living organisms
are viruses alive
no-can’t reproduce on their own (has to attack cells to reproduce), this is an argument though
what is the importance of the cells having a plasma membrane
protects cells, maintains internal/external environments
what are three methods of cell transport
passive transport, active transport, diffusion
what is osmosis
diffusion of water
isotonic
fluid that has solute concentration equal to that of the cell that surrounds it
hypotonic
fluid that has solute concentration lower than that of the cell that surrounds it
hypertonic
fluid that has solute concentration higher than that of the cell that surrounds it
what do transport proteins do
moves molecules and stuff in/out of cells that cant pass through simple diffusion
eukaryotic cells
animal cells, plant cells, fungal cells, and protist cells
differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
prokaryotic-bacteria, archaea
eukaryotic-animals, plants, fungi, protists
similarities between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
plasma membrane, cytosol (fluid portion inside cells), DNA (genetic material), ribosomes (produce proteins)
what are organelles
compartments/things in cells
where are proteins made in cells
ribosomes in rough endoplasmic reticulum
where are lipids made in cells
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
which organelle transports materials
vesicle
which organelle digests/disposes materials
lysosome
which organelle stores H20
vacuole
what powers the cell
mitochondria
where does the energy come from to power cells
transforms energy from food into ATP
what does the cytoskeleton do
supports cell structure
which organelle addresses/ships proteins
golgi aparatus
which organelle stores DNA
nucleus
nucleus
stores dna
rough endoplasmic reticulum
makes proteins
ribosome
turns rna into protein (protein synthesis)
vesicle
transports
golgi aparatus
addresses/ships proteins
vacuole
stores H2O
mitochondria
makes energy
lysosome
digests/disposes molecules
cytoskeleton
supports/structure
phospholipid bilayer membrane
protects cell
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
makes lipids
cytoplasm
fills space
cell wall
protects/supports cell
flagella
movement
what does a plant cell have that normal cells dont
chloroplast, cell wall, much bigger vacuole
chloroplast
photosynthesis, pigment
selective permeability
when some stuff can cross the plasma membranes, others are excluded, and others can pass through when aided by transport proteins.
