Unit 3 book questions Flashcards
Three basic forms in which energy is delivered to the body are
lipids, amino acids, and glucose
The body stores energy as
fats
glycogen
protein
Insulin promotes the
1.) use of glucose as metabolic fuel
2,) conversion of glucose to fat
During the fasting phase, the body (excluding the brain) cannot use glucose as a metabolic fuel because
insulin is needed for glucose to enter cells
Free fatty acids are the main source of energy for the body (excluding the brain) during
fasting phase
Most people attribute hunger to
energy deficit
All set-point systems are ____ systems
negative feedback
Glucostatic theory is to lipostatic theory as
- glucose is to fat
- short-term is to long-term regulation
Eating sweet and fatty foods is adaptive for many mammals living in the wild because these tastes
- are characteristic of energy rich foods
- are often found in association with beneficial vitamins and minerals
Animals learn to
- ) prefer the tastes of key vitamins and minerals in their food
- ) prefer tastes that are followed by an infusion of calories
- ) avoid tastes that are followed by gastrointestinal illness
* all of the above
People tend to feel hungry
at times they regularly eat meals
According to Woods, the hunger that one experiences as a regular mealtime approaches is
the result of the changes occurring in your body in preparation for the homeostasis-
disturbing meal
According to the important conditioning studies of Weingarten, we are likely to initiate meals when
we are in situations in which we have eaten before
____ encourages the consumption of a varied diet
sensory-spacific satiety
____ encourages the consumption of a varied diet
increase in insulin release
In humans, ____ agonists have been shown to reduce hunger, eating, and body weight
serotonin
Which of the following cases can be readily accounted for by the leaky-barrel model, but not by traditional set-point models
all of the above
In an environment like the one in which our species likely evolved, fittest individuals would
- all of the above
1. ) prefer high calorie food
2. ) eat to capacity
3. ) effectively store body fat
4. ) use calories efficiently
About ____ of the energy a person uses each day goes to maintain resting metabolic processes
80%
Efforts to develop a leptin treatment for typical cases of human obesity have been
Unsuccessful
According to the text, an important question about anorexia nervosa that remains to be addressed is the following
What keeps an overpowering hunger drive from kicking in once anorexics start to starve
The stage of sleep EEG that follows the second bout of stage 2 sleep during a normal night’s sleep is
Emergent stage 1
REMs are associated with
emergent stage 1 EEG
Each cycle of sleep during the night tends to be about
90 minutes
Which does not belong with the others
initial stage 1 EEG
People who claim to be nondreamers
sometimes recall dreams if awakened during REM sleep
Which common belief about dreaming has been confirmed by research
none of the above
According to the text
1.) Freud viewed dreams as symbolic representations of repressed sexual conflict
2.) there is no convincing evidence for Freud’s theory of dreams
3.) Freud’s view of dreams has been widely disseminated to the general public as if it were
fact
*all of the above
According to Hobson’s (1989) activation-synthesis theory of dreaming, dream content reflects
random brain stem activity and the cortex’s inherent tendency to try to make sense of
these ambiguous signals
The large between-species differences in sleep time suggest that sleep
is not necessarily needed in large quantities
