Unit 3: Apoptosis (Lecture 1-2) Flashcards
What are the 2 kinds of cell death ?
- Necrosis
- Apoptosis
What is necrosis ?
The pathological death of one or more cells in an organ or tissue resulting from irreversible damage
What are the 2 causes of necrosis ?
1) Response to non physiological or pathological conditions that disrupt cellular homeostasis
2) Caused by membrane siccoiation due to osmotic lysis, shear stress or pore forming proteins
What medication is given to stroke victims and why ?
Oestradiol, it prevents cell death
What are the morphological features of necrosis ?
- Lysosomes rupture
- Mitochondria swells and rupture
- Membrane dissolves
- ER dissolves
- DNA is broken down
What are the 7 types of necrosis ?
- Coagulative
- Liquefactive
- Gummatous
- Haemorrhagic
- Caseous
- Fatty
- Fibrinoid
What is apoptosis ?
- Genetically programmed cell death
- Induced by new gene expression
Why is apoptosis not inflammatory ?
As it is followed by fast phagocytosis
What is apoptosis important in ?
- Development
- Tissue remodelling/homeostasis
- Elimination of cancer cells
- Elimination of infection
How are differentiation and apoptosis related ?
They are both ways for cells to exit the cell cycle
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