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yeah > unit 3 ap history > Flashcards

unit 3 ap history Flashcards

1
Q

how did European monarchies gain power

A

the end of the medieval period

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2
Q

what did the printing press do for Europe?

A

more literacy, increase in development economically, and centralization

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3
Q

examples of monarchies emerging in the 1500s due to the desire of centralized power, who controlled taxes, army, and religion

A

england: the tudors
france: the valois
spain: queen Isabella and king ferdinand

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4
Q

monarchs used their new wealth and power to

A

-fund overseas explorations
-establish color

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5
Q

as the bureaucracies increase in europe,…

A

middle class grew in power

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6
Q

lords and churches in europe began to

A

lose power

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7
Q

england and the tudors religion

A

divine right of kings

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8
Q

england and the tudors bureaucracy

A

justices of the peace, parliment, english bill of rights, leads to growing power for middle class and decrease in power for feudalism/lords

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9
Q

france religion

A

divine right of the monarchy

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10
Q

france centralization

A

under louis Xlll and cardinal richelieu: intendants collected taxes

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11
Q

france absolutism

A

under louis XlV: king has complete authority, combines lawmaking and justice system together

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12
Q

where did louis the XlV build the palace in versailles

A

france

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13
Q

why did louis the XlV build the palace in versailles

A

to keep the nobles there to stop them from plotting against him

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14
Q

europe protestant reformation

A

reforming the church

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15
Q

lutheranism

A

martin luther proposes 95 theses, or 95 reforms to church due to corruption(ex. indulgences)

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16
Q

calvinism

A

john calvin broke with the church, with the idea that simplicity,hard work ethic, obedience was favored by god. led to several groups based on calvinism, including huguenots in France and purtians in england

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17
Q

anglicanism

A

king henry Vlll of England wanted to divorce his wife because she would only bear him daughters. the people refused to allow him to diverse and marry anne boleyn, so henry Vlll creates his own church free of the pope

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18
Q

counter reformation aka

A

response of the roman catholic church to reform and rebellion by protestant groups

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19
Q

inquisition

A

to root out and punish nonbelievers increased

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20
Q

jesuits

A

created to spread missionary activity into spanish empire, japan, and india

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21
Q

council of trent

A

corrected some of the corrupt practices of the church but also pushed back against protestantism, banning their books

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22
Q

what country as ivan the terrible from

A

russia

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23
Q

what did ivan the terrible do?

A

-expanded border of russia eastward, taking more land from the mongol control
-gained control of the volga river; now can trade with persia and the ottoman empire without worrying about mongols

24
Q

how did ivan the terrible

A

he used a lot of gunpowder and using groups of warrior peasants

25
Q

where did ivan the terribe move the boyars(nobles) and why

A

-moscow
-to intimidate them and prevent them from plotting

26
Q

what did the ming dynasty do for east asia

A

-exanded the mongolian territory and restored the great wall

27
Q

japan used daimyo to

A

govern japan

28
Q

china had a lot of ___ under the yuan dynasty

A

mongol influence

29
Q

the ming dynasty brought back the

A

civil service exam

30
Q

in china under the qing dynasty, the bureaucracy

A

became corrupt, leading to rebellion; government turns to harsh military control

31
Q

japan military leaders first ruled under

A

shoguns

32
Q

the conflict between daimyo and their samurai armies led to

A

instability

33
Q

daimyo

A

landowning aristocrats

34
Q

who was tamerlane

A

-mongol-turkic ruler

35
Q

how did the ottoman empire expand

A

mehmed ll: took constantiople, renamed it istanbul, focused on areas around black sea and balkans, using cannons and navy. almost took venice but established a tribute with Italy
suleiman l: took parts of hungary, Austria, greece, and tripoli

36
Q

what empire took constantinope and renamed it istanbul

A

ottoman

37
Q

what made the safavids have trouble expanding

A

-had no real navy and lacked natural defences, so difficult to expand

38
Q

mughal empire under akbar

A

expansion of trade leads to wealth and golden age of empire

39
Q

devshirme system

A

ottoman empire; yound christian boys that were taught to be scribes, diplomats, bodyguards, and militia for the sultan

40
Q

janissaries

A

elite forces in ottoman empire

41
Q

what did akbar do for the Mughal empire

A

-extended empire and defeated competing militias
-used centralized government and civil service
-paid government officials called zamindars

42
Q

who were zamindars and what empire were they in

A

mughal empire; paid government officials that did taxation, construction, and water supply

43
Q

shah jahan

A

part of the mughal empire; created the taj mahal as a tomb for his wife

44
Q

shi’a islam in the safavid empire was used as a ___ allowing shahs to control religion and political structure

A

unifying force

45
Q

what was the ottomans religion and were they tolerant of other religions

A

sunni islam, tolerant of religions

46
Q

what was the safavid empires religion

A

shi’a islam, no tolerance

47
Q

gunpowder empires were

A

large states that relied on fire arms to control land

48
Q

list the gunpowder empires

A

-russia
-ottomans
-safavid
-mughal

49
Q

methods of consolidation power

A

-taxation
-military
-religion

50
Q

bureaucracy

A

group of government officials who carries out the will of those in power

51
Q

safavid leader

A

ishmal

52
Q

what caused the fall of the gunpowder empires

A

-failed to modernize economy and military

53
Q

absolutism

A

monarchical system

54
Q

indulgences

A

selling of the absolution for sin

55
Q

jesuit missionaries

A

created to spread missionary activity into spanish empire, japan, and india

yeah (5 decks)

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