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Physical education > UNIT 3 AOS 1 > Flashcards

UNIT 3 AOS 1 Flashcards

fundamental movement skills, biomechanics, kinematics, levers, newtons laws, movement, coaching, learning, practice,

1
Q

Sport specific skill

A

skills that are the basis of all movement in sport

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2
Q

closed motor skills

A

performed in a predictable environment where the athlete can control variables

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3
Q

open motor skill

A

performed in an unpredictable environment where the athlete cannot control variables

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4
Q

fine motor skills

A

involve small muscle groups that produce accurate, precise movements

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5
Q

gross motor skills

A

involve large muscle groups to produce a forceful movement

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6
Q

serial motor skills

A

series of planned, discrete skills performed in order

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7
Q

discrete motor skills

A

skills with a distinct start and finish

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8
Q

continuous motor skill

A

skills with no distinct beginning or end

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9
Q

biomechanics

A

study of mechanical principals that govern human movements

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10
Q

kinetics

A

study of forces that cause motion

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11
Q

kinematics

A

description of motion

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12
Q

motion

A

change in position of a body in relation to time

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13
Q

linear motion

A

motion in a straight line

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14
Q

angular velocity

A

speed in direction around an axis

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15
Q

moment of inertia

A

resistance to change in rate of motion

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16
Q

angular momentum

A

momentum of object around an axis

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17
Q

angular motion

A

body moving along a circular path

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18
Q

force

A

a push or pull that causes a change in direction

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19
Q

mass

A

weight of an object

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20
Q

inertia

A

The tendency for a body to resist a change in its state of motion, whether that state is at rest or moving with a
constant velocity.

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21
Q

torque

A

force that tends to cause rotation

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22
Q

momentum

A

combo of weight and speed

momentum = mass x velocity

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23
Q

impulse

A

product of force over the time the force acts

Impulse = Force x Time

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24
Q

conservation of momentum

A

when two bodies collide, the combined momentum of the two bodies will stay the same

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25
Q

projectile motion

A

height, angle and speed of release

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26
Q

force summation

A

the correct timing and sequencing of body segments and muscles through a range of motion.

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27
Q

speed

A

How quickly an object covers distance.

Speed = distance/time

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28
Q

velocity

A

how quickly an object is changing its position, relative to its starting position.
Velocity = displacement/time

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29
Q

angular momentum

A

measures an objects resistance to change its state of rotation, relates to newtons 1st law.

30
Q

Newtons 1st law

A

inertia - A body will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an
external force.

31
Q

newton’s 2nd law

A

force and acceleration - A force applied to an object will produce a change in motion (acceleration)
in the direction of the applied force that is directly proportional to the size of the force.

32
Q

newton’s 3rd law

A

every action has an equal and opposite reaction

33
Q

distance

A

how far youve travelled

34
Q

displacement

A

the change in position of an object (A to B)

35
Q

acceleration

A

increase, decrease or change in rate

36
Q

mechanical advantage

A

enables us to move a great resistance w/ a minimal force.

37
Q

axis

A

turning point of a lever

38
Q

force

A

point where force is applied

39
Q

resistance

A

weight of whatever a person is trying to move

40
Q

First class lever

A

at either end is force and resistance, axis in middle

eg see saw

41
Q

Second class lever

A

resistance situated between axis and force

eg. wheelbarrow

42
Q

third class lever

A

resistance is weight of an object, force in between axis and resistance.
eg. throwing a ball

43
Q

equilibrium

A

balance of forces in opposition to each other

44
Q

stability

A

a body resists changing it equilibrium

45
Q

balance

A

controlling the state of equilibrium

46
Q

centre of gravity

A

central point of an object

47
Q

base of support

A

area of an object that is in contact with the surface supporting it

48
Q

line of gravity

A

imaginary line which passes through the centre of gravity and continues down into the centre of the object BOS.

49
Q

qualitative analysis

A

observation of the quality og human movement to provide ways to improve performance.

50
Q

Observation

A

skill is recorded or measured through watching or recording

51
Q

evaluation

A

compare pictures or body composition in each phase of movement

52
Q

error correction

A

once strengths and weaknesses are identified, analyst can use it to improve the athletes performance.

53
Q

Individual constraints

A

internal factors such as physical constraints, level of fitness, body shape etc.

54
Q

task constraints

A

task factors eg. equipment, rules of game

55
Q

environmental constraints

A

external factors - coaching, peer behaviour, weather.

56
Q

direct approach

A

highly structured, coach makes most decisions about practice, feedback at all stages.
POS - effective, master techniques
NEG - repetitive, dependent on coach

57
Q

constraints based approach

A

learner takes inquiry approach to independently develop their skills, strategies and tactics. of a game.
often includes modified equipment.
POS - specific to game, involves learner decision making, engaging
NEG - difficult with large groups, harder for coaches to implement

58
Q

Cognitive stage of learning

A
  • making many errors
  • unable to correct error in technique without instruction
  • blocked practice and direct approach is best suited
59
Q

associative stage of learning

A
  • learner tries to refine the skill
  • mastered basics
  • can identify errors and how to correct them
  • random practice and constraints based approach
60
Q

autonomous stage of learning

A
  • highly skilled and little to no errors
  • complete skills with no thought
  • read cues in game
  • random, distributed practice and open environment are best
61
Q

factors on skill development

A

sociocultural factors - family, time, peers, location, community, gender, Socio-economic status

62
Q

intrinsic feedback

A

sensory info the learner gets directly from skill execution (internal)

63
Q

augmented feedback

A

info about performance from an external source

64
Q

knowledge of performance

A

feedback regarding how a skill is performed, assessing performance on the basis of process and skill technique

65
Q

knowledge of results

A

info about outcome of skill performance, about relative success or failure in regard to intended goals of the movement skill.

66
Q

massed practice

A

little or no rest between repeat performances of a skill

67
Q

distributed practice

A

broken up into smaller practice intervals with rest periods

68
Q

blocked practice

A

each skill component is practiced repetitively as an independent block

69
Q

serial practice

A

in between blocked and random, rehearsing different skills in a fixed and predictable sequence.

70
Q

random practice

A

rehearsing a number of different skills in unpredictable sequences

Physical education (5 decks)

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