ACUTE RESPONSES

Question 1

Respiratory - increased respiratory rate

Answer 1

• no of breaths taken per min

Question 2

Respiratory - increased tidal volume

Answer 2

• amount of air inhaled in a single breath

Question 3

Respiratory - increased ventilation

Answer 3

• total amount of air inhaled per minute
• and increase in RR will increase in ventilation
• RR x tidal volume

Question 4

increased pulmonary diffusion

Answer 4

• to allow oxygen to enter the bloodstream, diffusion must occur at the alveoli in the lungs.

Question 5

Cardiovascular - increased Heart Rate

Answer 5

• no. of times the heart beats per minute

- by increased HR, more blood is able to travel around body in minute

Question 6

Cardiovascular - increased stroke volume

Answer 6

• plateaus at 40-60%

- amount of blood that leaves the left ventricle of the heart per stroke

Question 7

Cardiovascular - increased cardiac output

Answer 7

• total amount of blood that leaves the left ventricle of the heart per minute
• Q= SV x HR

Question 8

Cardiovascular - increased blood pressure

Answer 8

• increase in systolic blood pressure due to increase of cardiac output

Question 9

Cardiovascular - blood redistribution

Answer 9

• redirected from elsewhere in the body to working muscles
• towards skin to help regulate body temp
• digestive/ internal organs slow down while blood is redistributed to muscles.

Question 10

Cardiovascular - increased venous return

Answer 10

• increase in cardiac output = increase in venous return
• vasoconstriction: veins constrict, forcing blood to move towards the heart
• muscle pump
• respiratory pump

Question 11

Relationship between HR, SV, Q

Answer 11

• HR increases as intensity increases
• increased HR = increased SV
• increased stroke volume = increased cardiac output

Question 12

Muscular - increased motor unit recruitment

Answer 12

• motor units controlled by the CNS

- the greater force required for movement, the more motor units will need to be recruited

Question 13

Muscular - increased a-VO2 difference

Answer 13

• an indicator of how much muscles are used by the working muscles.

Question 14

Muscular - increased temperature

Answer 14

• as a result of the increase in the no. of chemical reactions happening in the muscles to produce energy, greater amounts of heat is produced.

Question 15

Muscular - Increased production of by-products

Answer 15

• if intensity is high an energy produced anaerobically, by-products will cause fatigue including lactate and H+ ions

Question 16

Muscular - decreased energy substrate levels

Answer 16

• for energy to be produced, energy “fuels” or “substrates” like glucose, triglycerides and phosphocreatine must be used.
• if they are being used faster than they are being replenished