Unit 3 AOS 1

Question 1

Central nervous system

Answer 1

a major division of
the nervous system
comprising the brain
and spinal cord, which
receives neural messages
from and transmits
neural messages to the
peripheral nervous system

Question 2

Brain

Answer 2

a complex organ
contained within the skull
that coordinates mental
processes and behaviour,
and regulates bodily
activity

Question 3

Spinal cord

Answer 3

a cable of
nerve tissue that extends
from the brain, connecting
it to the peripheral
nervous system

Question 4

Peripheral nervous system

Answer 4

a major division of
the nervous system
comprising every neuron
in the body outside the
central nervous system

Question 5

Somatic nervous system

Answer 5

a division of the peripheral
nervous system that
transmits neural messages
related to voluntary motor
movement

Question 6

Skeletal muscles

Answer 6

muscles
connected to the skeleton
that carry out voluntary
motor movements

Question 7

Autonomic nervous
system

Answer 7

a division of
the peripheral nervous
system that regulates
visceral muscles, organs,
and glands, and transmits
neural messages to the
central nervous system
about their activity

Question 8

Visceral muscles, organs,
and glands

Answer 8

muscles,
organs, and glands not
connected to the skeleton
that are predominantly
self-regulating and do not
require conscious control

Question 9

Sympathetic nervous
system

Answer 9

a division of
the autonomic nervous
system that activates
visceral muscles, organs,
and glands, preparing
the body to respond to a
threat or stressor

Question 10

Parasympathetic nervous
system

Answer 10

a division of the
autonomic nervous system
that maintains the optimal
and balanced functioning
of visceral muscles,
organs, and glands

Question 11

Neuron

Answer 11

a nerve cell that
receives and transmits
neural information

Question 12

Motor neurons (also
known as efferent
neurons)

Answer 12

neurons that
transmit neural messages
about motor movement
from the central nervous
system to the peripheral
nervous system

Question 13

Sensory neurons (also
known as afferent
neurons)

Answer 13

neurons that
transmit neural messages
about bodily sensations
from the peripheral
nervous system to the
central nervous system

Question 14

Interneurons

Answer 14

neurons
that transfer neural
messages between
sensory neurons and
motor neurons