Unit 3 (Absolutism and Constitutionalism) Flashcards
What is Absolutism?
Absolutism is a political system where a single ruler has absolute power and authority over the government and its people.
What is Constitutionalism?
Constitutionalism is a political system that is governed by a constitution, which limits governmental power and guarantees individual rights.
True or False: Absolutism allows for separation of powers.
False
Name one key characteristic of Absolutism.
Centralized authority in the hands of a monarch.
Which monarch is often associated with the phrase ‘L’état, c’est moi’?
Louis XIV of France.
Fill in the blank: The _____ of England established a constitutional monarchy.
Glorious Revolution
What document limited the powers of the English monarchy in 1689?
The Bill of Rights.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a feature of Constitutionalism? A) Divine right of kings B) Rule of law C) Absolute monarchy
B) Rule of law
True or False: Constitutionalism emerged as a response to the excesses of Absolutism.
True
What was the primary goal of Absolutist rulers?
To consolidate power and maintain control over the state.
Name one country that practiced Absolutism in the 17th century.
France.
What is the significance of the English Civil War in the context of Constitutionalism?
It led to the establishment of a constitutional monarchy and the limitation of royal power.
Fill in the blank: The _____ Act of 1701 established the line of succession for the English throne.
Act of Settlement
Which philosopher is known for advocating the social contract theory that influenced Constitutionalism?
John Locke.
True or False: Absolutist rulers often relied on the support of the nobility.
True
What does the term ‘Divine Right of Kings’ refer to?
The belief that monarchs derive their authority directly from God.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Absolutism? A) Centralized power B) Limited government C) Divine right of kings
B) Limited government
What was the role of the Parliament in a Constitutional monarchy?
To represent the people and limit the powers of the monarch.
Name one key document that represents the principles of Constitutionalism.
The United States Constitution.
Fill in the blank: The _____ War was fought over the question of sovereignty between the monarchy and Parliament.
English Civil War
What is the significance of the Magna Carta in the context of Constitutionalism?
It established the principle that the monarchy is subject to the law.
True or False: Constitutionalism promotes the idea of popular sovereignty.
True
Which Enlightenment thinker argued for the separation of powers?
Montesquieu.
What was one economic reason for the rise of Absolutism in Europe?
The need for a strong centralized state to manage resources and taxation.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following best describes a Constitutional monarchy? A) Absolute power B) Limited power of the monarch C) No monarchy
B) Limited power of the monarch
What was the impact of the Enlightenment on Absolutism and Constitutionalism?
It challenged traditional authority and promoted ideas of individual rights and government accountability.
