Unit 3: Absolutims, the Enlightnment, and Revoultions

Question 1

What are the characteristics of an absolute ruler?

Answer 1

An “absolute” monarch does not share their power with any other governing body. Central authority.

Question 2

What impact did Absolutism and the Enlightenment have on the WORLD for development of democracy?

Answer 2

gave rise to democratic ideas and revolutions such as the American and French Revolutions

Question 3

Who are some of the people/what are some of the ideas of the enlightenment that have a lasting impact on today?

Answer 3

Rousseau, Locke, Newton, Voltaire and Diderot

Question 4

How did changes in society during the Enlightenment impact peoples’ values and daily lives?

Answer 4

changed the ways people understood issues such as liberty, equality, and individual rights.

Question 5

What is a revolution? Why do revolutions occur?

Answer 5

change in political organization. rising popularity of certain political ideas moral principles, or governance s

Question 6

What impact did the French Revolution have on the development of democracy?

Answer 6

Made sure creation of a constitutional system of democratic government

Question 7

Did the outcomes of the French Revolution justify the means? Was it successful?

Answer 7

-There were many new developments
-fall monarchy,
-changes in society

Question 8

Was Napoleon a rejection of the Revolultion, its continuation, or its completion?

Answer 8

Napoleon did not turn his back on the Revolution.

Question 9

How are the French, Haitian, and other Latin American Revolutions we looked at related?

Answer 9

Enlightenment ideas and ideals inspired all of them.

Question 10

What were the long-term effect of the Haitian Revolution?

Answer 10

-ended Napoleon’s attempts to create a French empire in the Western Hemisphere
-Extreme Debt

Question 11

What are the Divine rights of kings?

Answer 11

A belief in Europe asserted that kings derived their authority from God

Question 12

What was the Palace of Versailles?

Answer 12

main residence of the French Court and government. Home of King Louis XIV and his wife. Cost lots of money

Question 13

How did the Three Estates System work? How did it impact the revolution?

Answer 13

-the clergy, nobility and commoners
-who had the power to decide on the levying of new taxes and to undertake reforms in the country
-The opening of the Estates General, on 5 May 1789 in Versailles, also marked the start of the French Revolution.

Question 14

King Louis XIV and Marie Antionette

Answer 14

-French king who married Austrian duchess who had 4 children only one who lived to adulthood

Question 15

What was the Bastille?

Answer 15

French state prison that was destroyed durring the revoultion for symoblism
only had 7 priosneres

Question 16

What was the congress of vienna and why was it made?

Answer 16

It was a group of leaders the joined together to restore the balance of power

Question 17

What was the Guillotine and what was its purpose?

Answer 17

Used to kill people during the french revolution quickly and in a more humane way.

Question 18

What was the Reign of Terror?

Answer 18

The period of the French Revolution from 1792-1793
Use of the Guillotine
10,000 people dead

Question 19

Who was Robespierre?

Answer 19

One of the leaders of the French Revolution during its Reign of Terror

Question 20

Why does Robespierre argue that Louis XVI must die?

Answer 20

Revolution and monarchy won’t work and that he was a threat to safety

Question 21

Who is Marat and how is he murdered?

Answer 21

A French politician
Killed in the bath by Charlotte Corday

Question 22

What are some reasons people could be killed during the Reign of Terror?

Answer 22

Using the term Madame or Monsieur
revolutionary fervor,
Accusations of tression
fighting the price of bread

Question 23

Accoridng to Robespierre, what is virtue?

Answer 23

destroying the enemy and Civil virtue

Question 24

Who was Napoleon?

Answer 24

one of the most successful generals of the French revolutionary armies
Made his siblings royal Positions throughout Europe

Question 25

Definition of Klemens von Metternich

Answer 25

helped form the victorious alliance against Napoleon I and who restored Austria

Question 26

Why was the idea of the balance of power made?

Answer 26

so that no country would be a threat to others

Question 27

Peninsulares, creoles,

Answer 27

Peninsulares are Spanish born and made up a tiny percent of the population
Creoles are spainiards born in Latin america
Both of these groups controlled land, wealth and power in the Spanish Coloines

Question 28

Who was Toussaint L’Ouverture?

Answer 28

-A formarly enslaved person in Saint-Dominque that helped free many enslaved africans and took control of all Saint-Dominque
and was in prisoned in the French alps in and died in April of 1803

Question 29

What was the Haitian Revoultion?

Answer 29

-The first Latin American Colony to free it self from European rule
-Durring the French Recoultion the oppresed people of Haiti rose up against French Enslavers
-Ended in 1804
-Payed 150M francs or war was the only way the people of Haiti could be free from Francs

Question 30

Who was Jean Jacques Dessalines?

Answer 30

first Haitian Emperor, leader of the Haitian Revolution, and the first ruler of an independent Haiti under the 1805 constitution.

Question 31

Who were Símon Bolívar and José de San Martín?

Answer 31

Creole generals that helped free Latin America from spanish rule from 1810 1824.

Question 32

what was Gran Colombia?

Answer 32

-In 1819 New Granada gained its independence.
It became a republic known as Gran -Colombia, which included what are now Colombia, Panama, Venezuela, and Ecuador

Question 33

What was Brazilian Independence?

Answer 33

September 7, 1822, Prince Dom Pedro declared Brazil’s independence from Portugal, founding the Empire of Brazil,