Unit 3 Flashcards
Define: Social Roles
Expected behaviours and attitudes that come with one’s position in society
Define: Role Transitions
Roles are neither gained nor lost. They change as individual circumstances change.
Define: Social Timing
The roles we occupy, how long we occupy them, and the order in which we occupy them.
Define: Gender Roles
What men and women actually do in a given culture during a particular historical era.
Define: Gender schema theory
Children are taught to view the world and themselves through gender-polarized lenses that make artificial or exaggerated distinctions between what is masculine and what is feminine.
Define: Social Role Theory on Gender
Gender roles are the result of young children observing the actual division of labour within their culture. Thus, learning what society expects of them as men and women, and then following these expectations.
Define: Proximal Causes
Factors that are present in the immediate environment
Define: Distal Causes
Factors present in the past.
Define: Gender Stereotypes
Sets of shared beliefs of generalizations about what all men and women in a society have in common.
Often extending to what members of each gender ought to do and how they should behave.
Define: Generalized Other (Symbolic Interactionism)
Sense of self in the terms of society or other people in general sense.
According to Mead (Symbolic Interactionism), The Self is made up of 2 components:
The “I”
• The moment-by-moment experiencing of thoughts and feelings
The “me”
• The individual’s self-concept
Both facets constantly interact with each other
Define: ‘Symbols’ (Symbolic Interactionism)
Facilitate interaction between experiences and self-concept.
- E.g., Language
- Allow for communication with others and the ability to think about oneself from an objective perspective. -Social Roles, characteristics and labels that exist in society are communicated and internalized.
Define: Possible Selves (Amundson)
Name 2 purposes for possible selves.
Future projections of the self and can be either “hoped-for” or “feared,”
- Motivators for future behaviours and goals
- Provide evaluative and interpretive context for the current view of self.
Define: Biographical Disruption
A marked deviation from one’s expected life trajectory
E.g., Disability prior to old age.
E.g., Attending rehab before graduating high school.
Name the 3 models related to Adjustment/Response to Disability
Stage Theory Model of Adjustment
Social Moratorium Model
Cognitive Restructuring Model
Define: Stage Theory Model of Adjustment
This model is similar to Kubler Ross stage theory of death and loss.
o It involves shock, denial, anger, and acceptance.
o Acknowledges that disability (as opposed to death) invokes prejudice and discrimination.
o People may skip stages or return to previous ones.
Define: Social Moratorium Model
This model focuses on the post-onset period during which people take time away from their usual responsibilities and focus on re-defining themselves
Define: Cognitive Restructuring Model
Acceptance of disability requires:
- Enlargement of the scope of values that are not in conflict with the disability
- Re-focusing away from physical ability and appearance to other aspects of self-unaffected by disability such as intellect, personality, and spirit
- Creating a new definition of normality and containing the effects of disability
- Focusing on what one can still do, rather than focusing on losses.
Define: Social Clock
Timeline of the general roles one would assume over the course of their life.
Define: Social Role
Expected behaviours and attitudes that come with one’s position in society
Define: Role Transition
Roles are neither gained nor lost. They change as individual circumstances change.
Define: Social Timing
The roles we occupy, how long we occupy them, and the order in which we occupy them.
Relate life satisfaction to social timing
People who are off-time in their social clock are more likely to have difficulty in their roles and less apt to report high levels of life satisfaction
Explain the existence and impact of gender roles
- Gender schema theory
- Social Role Theory on Gender
- Gender Stereotypes
