Unit 3 Flashcards
AIDS
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Apical
Bottom of the heart, where the heart beat is found
Axillary
Related to, or located near the armpit; axillary temperature
Anti-microbial
An agent that destroys, resists, or prevents the development of pathogens
Asepsis
Producing and maintaining a clean condition
Bacteria
Unicellular microorganisms
Biohazardous
Item contaminated with bodily fluids/secretions;
Bio: life
Hazard: dangerous
Blood borne pathogens
Microorganisms found in human blood that can cause infection and disease in humans
CDC
center for disease control
Chain of infection
Way of describing how a disease is transmitted from one living being to another
C-diff
Clostridium Difficile
Communicable disease
A disease cause by pathogens that spread easily and contagious
Contact precautions
Spreading of infections by coming in/directly in contact with another person
Contamination
The process by which an object or are becomes unclean
Cross contamination
When bacteria comes from one thing to another
Disinfectants
Anything used to decrease the spread of pathogens
Disposable
Only to be used once and thrown away
Exposure control plan
Plan designed to eliminate or reduce employee exposure to infectious material
Exposure incident
Situation that occurs when a person is exposed to infectious blood or material
Hand hygiene
Washing hands with either plain or antiseptic soap and water and using alcohol based hand rubs
HAI
Healthcare associated infection
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus
Infection
The state resulting from pathogens invading and growing in the human body
Infection prevention
The set of methods practiced in healthcare facilities to prevent and control the spread of disease
Isolation
To keep something separate or by myself to contain an infection
Microorganism
Tiny living object, sometimes called germs
MDRO’s
Multi-drug resistant organisms
Non pathogen
Microbe that does not usually cause an infection
OSHA
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Pathogen
Disease causing organisms
PPE
personal protective equipment
Reverse isolation
Procedure designed to protect a patient from infectious organisms that might be carried by the staff. Nurse will wear a mask if she is sick, weakened immune system, etc.
Standard (universal) precautions
Precautions that protect you from patients with known infections and from patients who have infections they are not aware of
Sterile
The absence of all microorganisms
Transmissions based precautions
Method of infection prevention used when caring for persons who are infected or suspected of being infected with a disease
Tuberculosis (TB)
A communicable infection that primarily affects the lungs. TB is extremely contagious and is spread through airborne droplets
Virus
One-celled organism that is much smaller than bacterium
HAI
healthcare associated infection
TB
Tuberculosis
Alveoli
Tint grape like sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place
Apnea
The absence of breathing
Artery
Vessels that carry blood away from the heart
Aspiration
Breathing food or fluid into the lungs
Asthma
Narrowing of the vessels in the lungs, makes it difficult to breathe
Blood clot
A smass of coagulated blood, as within a blood vessels or at the site of an open wound
Bronchi
Branches of the passages of the respiratory system that lead from the trachea into the lungs
Bronchitis
Inflammation of the bronchi
Capillary
A tiny blood vessel; food, oxygen, and other substances lass from the capillaries into the cells
Cardiac
Of or pertaining to the heart
Cyanosis
Blue pale skin and/or musous membranes due to decrease in oxygen in the blood
Diaphragm
- Large flat surface of the stethoscope
- strong some shapes muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity
Dyspnea
Difficult, labored, or painful breathing
Edema
Swelling in body tissues caused by excess fluid
Emphysema
a condition in which the air sacs of the lungs are damaged and enlarged, causing breathlessness
Epiglottis
The flap of cartilage covering the opening to the larynx
Exhale
To breathe out
Hypertension
Condition of high blood pressure
140/90 or above
Hypotension
Low blood pressure
90/60 or below
Inhale
To breathe in
Larynx
Voice box; part of the respiratory airway
Nares
The nostrils or nasal passages
Pacemaker
An electronic device implanted beneath the skin for providing normal heartbeats by electrical stimulation of the heart muscle; tiny defibrillator in a sense
Pertussis
Medical term for whooping cough
Pneumonia
Inflammation/ infection of the lungs
Respirations
The act of breathing into and out of the lungs
Normal range 12-20 per minute
Trachea
Passage that carries air from the larynx down to the lungs; windpipe
Veins
Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart
Blood pressure
The amount of force exerted of an artery by blood
Brachial artery
Artery inside the elbow; used to measure blood pressure
Centigrade
Basis of the former temperature scale in which 100 degrees separated the melting and boiling points of water
Diastolic
Phase when the heart relaxes; second measurement of blood pressure
Digital thermometer
Battery operated; can measure temperatures in a few seconds
Ear canal
The passage leading inward through the tympanic portion of the temporal bone
Electric thermometer
An instrument used to determine temperature
Exhalation/Expiration
To breathe out
Exhalation/Expiration
To breathe out
Fahrenheit
A temperature scale where the boiling of water is 252° and freezing point is 32°
Inspiration/inhalation
Breathing air into the lungs
Irregular
Not even or balanced in shape or arrangement
Oral
Mouth, teeth, and gums
Pain
Discomfort
Pulse
The neat of the heart felt at an artery as a wave of blood passes through the artery
Radial artery
Artery running inside of the wrist; thumb side
Rectal
Relating to or affecting the rectum
Sphygomomanometer
Blood oressure cuff/ instrument used to measure blood pressure
Stethoscope
Instrument used to listen to the sounds produced by the heart, lungs, and other organs
Systolic
The amount of force it takes to pump blood out of the heart into the arterial circulation. Active part of the heart
Temporal
Of or relating to the temples on the side of skull behind the orbits
Thermometer
An instrumennt used to measure hot and cold
Tympanic
Relating to or resembling the drum of the ear
Anemia
A decrease in number of circulating RBCs
Angina Pectoris
Intense pain in chest due to lack of oxygen to the heart
CHF
Congestive heart failure- inability of heart to pump a sufficient amount of blood through the body
CAD
Coronary artery disease- buildup of plaque in the walls of the arteries causing decrease in blood and oxygen to the heart
MI
Myocardial infarction- lack of blood flow to heart resulting in death to part of the heart muscle
PVD
Peripheral vascular disease- inadequate circulation to the extremities
COPD
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder- group of respiratory disease characterized by airway obstruction including bronchitis, emphysema, and asthma
