Unit 3 Flashcards
do plants have cell walls
yes of cellulose
how do plants feed
photosynthesis
do fungi have cell walls
yes chitin
do animals have cell walls
no
how do fungi feed
saptotrophs
how do animals feed
heterotrophic
invertebrate
lacks spine
vertebrate
has spines
symmetry
pattern of similarity in an object
radial symmetry
wheel shaped
divide into a pie
bilateral symmetry
only longitudal
get 2 equal pieces
cephalization
well organized anterior head with brain and sensory receptions
diploblastic
two tissue layers during development
triploblastic
three tissue layers
protosome
mouth develops before anus
deutrosome
anus develops before mouth
sponges are in what phylum
porifera
symmetry of sponges
lack symmetry or radial symmetry
tissue of sponges
no tissues or organs
no muscles or nerves
what is the sponge body like
loose colelction of different cell types
habitat of sponges
aquatic
skeleton of sponges
spongin of collagen
what do sponges use for defense
spicules
toxins
what are spicules made of
CaCO3 or silica
sharp
structure and funktion of choanocytes
collar cell
have flagella
capture food particles
structure and funktion of amoebocytes
moving amoeba
pseudopodia
how do sponges
filter feeding
ecological importance of filter feeding of sponges
keep bacteria and protists in balance and clean the water
cniderians belong in phylum
cnideria
how many tissue layers does cniderians
two
symmetry of cniderians
radial
what are nematocysts
capture prey with stinging cells
sessile
polyp form
asexually reproduce
juvenil
mobile form
medusa form
sexully reproduce
aduly
swimmer
cnidarians have a large digestive cavity called
mesoglea
three groups of cnidarians
hydrozoans
sea jellies
corals and sea anemones
hydrozoans
hydra
dominant stage of hydra
polyp
true jellyfish
aurelia
dominant stage of aurelia
medusa
coral and sea anemones dominant stage
lack medusa stage
nervous system of cnidarians
nerve net
phylum of flatworms
platyhelminthes
digestivr system of flatworms
protosome
free living means what
non parasitic
planarians are what
free living non parasitic
how do planarins feed
pharynx protrudes to catch food and enters gastrovasculae cavity and enters back into the body
reproductive system of planarians
monoecious
nervous system of planarians
lateral nerve cord and transverse nerve cord
tegument
tough outer body covering that protects them from the hosts immune system and digestion
how do parasitic flatworms attach
hooks and suckers
wht do parasitic flatworms have increased reproductive abilties
include vectors
most offspring dont make it through the life cycle
definitive host
sexual reproduction
intermediate host
asexual
life cycle of chinese liver fluke
notes
life cycle of blood fluke
notes
scolex
attachment structure with hook or suckers
proglottid
section of body contain male and female reproductive strucutres
diagram of human beef tapeworm
notes
slides of planarians, liver flukes, blood flukes, tapewroms
labs
phylum of rotifera
rotifera
habitat of rotifers
aquatic
freshwater
what do rotifers feed on
absorbs nutirents from hosts intestinal contents through body wall
rotifer slide
lab
parthogenesis
reproduction without fertilization
phylum of mollusks
mollusca
three body regions of mollusks
visceral mass
mantle
foot
visceral mass
contains all internal organs
mantle
covering that lies on either side of visceral mass
foot
muscular organ used for locomotion, attachment, digging
first group of animals to have a true what
coelom
three main groups of mollusks
bivalves
gastropods
cephalopods
bivalve cephalization
low or none
gastropod cephalization
medium
gastropod cephalization
very high
mobilitiy of bivalves
low
mobility of gastropods
medium
mobility of gastropods
very high
feedinf mode of bivalves
filter feeders
feeding mode of gastropods
herbivores
feeding mode of cephalopods
carnivores
distinguishing characreristic of bivalves
2 part shell
distinguishing characterisitc of gastripods
spiraled shell on many
distinguishing characterisircs of cephalopods
tentacles, arms, large eyes, very smary
example of bivalves
clams
oysters
mussles
examples of gastropods
snails
slugs
examples of cephalopods
nautilus
giant squid
trochophore larva
free swimming
sphere shaped
cilia
basic anatomy of clams
lab
circulatory system in mollusks
open circulatory system
segmented worm phylum
annelida
body cavity of segmented worms
fluid filled cavity
segmented
how many tissue layers does segmented worms have
three
type of skeleton segmented worms have
hydrostatic
setae
segmented worms
bristles
oligochaete
earthworms with few bristles
polychaete
marine worms have many bristles
circulatory system lf segmented worms
closed - blood vessels
nephridia
removes waste
parapodia
paddle liek appendages on body segments
what type of segmented worms have parapodia
polychaete marine worms
basic anatomy of earthworm
notes
two types of polychaetes
active carnivors
sessile tube dwellers
active carnivore polychaetes
large jaws developed head sense organs quick mobile parapodia
seasile tube dweller polychaetes
low cephalization
tentacles
feedinf appendages
reduces parapodia
oligochaetes cephalization
medium
pokychaetes cephalization
high- carnivored
low- tube dwellers
leeches cephalization
medium
number of setae on oligochaetes
few
8 per segment
number of setae on polychaetes
many
number of setse on leeches
none
feeding mode of oligochaetes
detritivores
feeding modee of polychaete
carnivores
filter feeders
feeding mode of leeches
scavengers
predators
parasites
distinguishing characterisics of oligochaetes
few or no specilization
distinguishing characteristcs of polychaetes
parapodia
tentalces in some
distinguishing characterisitcs in leeches
flattened body
suckers
earthworm slide
lab
phylum of roundworm
nematoda
number lf tissue layers in roundworms
3
body cavity of roundworms
pseudocoelom (false body cavity)
pseudocoelom incompletely lines eith
mesoderm
digestive system of ecdysozoans
protosomes
niche of roundworm
soil
free living
life cycle of ascaris and trichinella
lab
where are filarial worms found
asia
where are pinworms found
usa
how does filarial worms spread
mosquitoes
how does pinworms spread
hands
clothing
bedding
where in the host do filarial worms live
heart
arteries
lungs
dogs
where in the host do pinworms live
intestines
symptooms of filarial worms
elephantitis
symptioms of pinworms
itchy anus
phylum of arthopods
arthopoda
how many tissue layers in arthopods
3
five characterisitcs that contribute to success of arthopods
exoskeleton segmention nervous system respiratory organs metamorphosis
what is exoskeleton of arthopods made of
chitin
incomplete metamorphisis
egg, nymph (mini adult), growth, adult
complete metamorphosis
egg, larva, pupa, adult
nervous system lf arthopods
brain and ventral cord with ganglia
sense organs
complex communication
trachae
tubes delieve oxygen to individual cells
very efficient
biramous appendages
dividing appendages into 2 branches
arthopods that exhibit biramous appendagesw
crustaceans
decapod crustaceans examples
lobsters crabs crayfish hermit crabs shrimo
recognize crustaceans
labs
crayfish model
lab
habitat of millipede and centipede
damp
dark
leaf litter
soil
number of legs per segment in millipedes
2
number of legs per segment in centipedes
1
speed and activity of centipedes
active
fast
speed and activity of millipedes
inactive
slow
diet lf centipedes
carnivores
diet of millipedes
detritivores
defense for centipedes
speed
venom
defense for millipedes
curl up
secrete toxins
three parts of insects body
head
thorax
abdomen
structures in insect head
mouth
sense organs
organs in thorax of insects
3 pairs of legs
wings
organs in abdomen of insects
internal organs
group that is the most biologically successful of organisms
insects
insect success features
wings appendages mouthparts pheremones communication sounds
ecological role of insects
pollination
food web members
scavengers
chicerae
pincer like head appendages
arthopods that have chelicerae
chelicerates
body of chelicerate
cephalothorax
abdomen
types of chelicerate
horshoe crab
recognize arthopod specimesn and group
lab
echinoderm phylum
echinodermata
echinoderm symmetry as adults
radial
echinoderm symmetry as larvae
bilateral
digestive system of echinoderms
deutrosomes
body cavity of echinoderms
fluid filled coelom
ossicles
calcium plates
five types of echinoderms
sea stars brittle stars sea cucumbers sea urchins samd dollars feather stars
model of sea star
lab
water vascular system
canals in body connected to the environment
unique trait of all echinoderms
madreporite, radial canal, ampulla, tube feet, ring canal
embryo development lf chordates
deutrosomes
four chordate characteristics
notochord
nerve cord
pharyngeal pouches
post anal tail
chordate phylum
chordata
two groupd of invertebrate chordates
cephalochordates (lancelets)
urochordates (tunicates/sea squirts)
basic anatomy of lancelt
labr
how do lancelets feed
filter feeding through pharyngeal gills and capture food particles in water
where do lancelets live
marine
sea squirts have how mant chordate characterisitcs
all 4
two types of jawless fish
hagfish
lamprey
jawless fish lack these vertebrate traits
jaws
scales
paired fins
vertebratws
ammocoetes larva
larva of brook lamprey
can stay in metamorphosis for years
ecothermy
body temp varies according to environmentals temperature
external features of cartilagenous fish
ventral mouth fleshy fins separate and exposed gill silts tail with didferently sized lobes tooth like placoid scales
sense organs of cartilagenous fish
lateral line
electric current senese
great sense of smell
types of cartilagenous fish
skates
rays
sharks
fins of ray finned fish
fan shaped find supported by thin bony ray
adaptions for skates and rays
bottom dwelling
feed on hard shelled invertebrates
lobed fin fish
coelacanth
model of bony fish
notes
operculum in fish
protect their gills
limbs of amphibians
four
skin of amohibians
smooth and moist
lungs of amphibians
simple sacs
heart of amphibians
three chambers
temp regualtuon of amphibians
ectothermic
life cycle of amphibians
notes
pattern of circulation in fish, amphibians, mamaal
notes
do salamanders and newts have tails
yes
do frogs have tails
no
do caecilians have tails
no
number of legs on salamanders
4
number of legs on frogs
4
number of legs on caecilians
none
distinguishing characteristics of salamanders
unspecializes body
distinguishing characterisircs of frogs
stout body
enlarged hind legs
distinguishing characterisifcs of caecilians
blind burrowers
reptiles are well adapted for life to land
claws scales large lungs 3 or 4 chambered heart kidneys ectothermic amniotic eggs
amniotic egg
egg with amnion
amniotic egg is important because
lay on land
distinguishing characteristics of turtles
sternum and rib cage fused
toothless beak
expand to form shell
distinguishing characteritics of lizards
basic body
4 limbs
tail
distinguishing characteristics of snakes
no limbs, eyelids, ears
expandable jaw,
venom
distinguishing characteristics of crocs
freshwater dwellers
predators
parental care
4 chamberwd heart
skeletal system for flight
air spaced bones fusion of bones keeled sternum flexible ribcage
reproductive system for flight
shrinkage gonads seasonallt
only funktional left ovary
respiratory system for flight
air sacs on lungs
one way flow
oxygenated in inhalation and exhalation
highly efficient
feathers system for flight
modified scales
flight
thermal regulation
colors
digestive system of flight
crop expands
gizzard for grinding
cloaca recieves products
neevous system for flight
brain for lots of info
eye for head size
good hearing
traits in mammals
hair mammary glands skelton heart reproduction
three groups of mammals
monotremes
marsupials
placental mammal
example of maraupial
duckbill platypus
echidna
example of marsupial
kangaroo
koala
opissums
example of placental mammals
dogs
cows
humans
basic funktions of basic organs in models
lab
tissue
group of similar cells combines to perform a common funktion
four types of tissues
epithelial
connective
muscular
nervous
organ
combo of 2 or more different tissues performinf a common funktion
funktion of urinary system
eliminate waste
funktion of skeletal and muscle system
aquire materials and energy
support
movement
protection
funktion of reproductive system
produce offapring
funktion of nervous and endocrine system
coordinate body activities
hormones
funktion of cardiovascular system
transport materials
funktion of digestive system
aquire materials and energy
elminate waste
funktion of respiratory system
exchange gases
organs of urinary system
kidneys
bladder
urethra
ureters
organs of skeletal and muscular system
bones
muscles
organs of reproductive system
vagina uterus fallopian tubes ovaries testis prostate epididymus ejaculatory duct penis
organs of nervous and endocrine system
brain spinal cord nerves meninges sense organs glands hypothalamus pituitary pancreaa
organs of cardiovascular system
heart arteries veins capillaries blood vessels
organs of digestive system
stomach esophagus small and large instestine gallbladder rectum
organs lf respiratory system
nose mouth pharynx lungs bronchi trachea
body cavities
ventral
dorsal
3 ventral cavities
throacic
abdominal
pelvic
2 dorsal cavities
cranial
vertebral
organs in throacic cavity
esophagus
heart
lungs
bronchi
organs in abdominal cavity
digestive organs
organs in pelvic cavity
reproductive organs
organs in cranial cavity
brain
organs in vertebral cavity
spinal cord
funktions of skin
protects from drying out protects against trauma protects against pathogen invasion regulate body temp exchange gases insulation synthesized vitamen D sensory
structures in the skin
notes
dendrites
recieve stimuli
cell body
contains nucleaus
interpret info from dendrites and sends it to axon
emits info and stimuli from cell body
axon
homeostasis
maintence of normal internal condition in a cell or an organism by means of self regulating mechanisms
negative feedbacm
output of system inhibits activity of system
posistivr feedback
output of system intensifies and increases the activity of system
