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Bio 202 > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

do plants have cell walls

A

yes of cellulose

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2
Q

how do plants feed

A

photosynthesis

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3
Q

do fungi have cell walls

A

yes chitin

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4
Q

do animals have cell walls

A

no

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5
Q

how do fungi feed

A

saptotrophs

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6
Q

how do animals feed

A

heterotrophic

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7
Q

invertebrate

A

lacks spine

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8
Q

vertebrate

A

has spines

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9
Q

symmetry

A

pattern of similarity in an object

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10
Q

radial symmetry

A

wheel shaped

divide into a pie

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11
Q

bilateral symmetry

A

only longitudal

get 2 equal pieces

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12
Q

cephalization

A

well organized anterior head with brain and sensory receptions

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13
Q

diploblastic

A

two tissue layers during development

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14
Q

triploblastic

A

three tissue layers

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15
Q

protosome

A

mouth develops before anus

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16
Q

deutrosome

A

anus develops before mouth

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17
Q

sponges are in what phylum

A

porifera

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18
Q

symmetry of sponges

A

lack symmetry or radial symmetry

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19
Q

tissue of sponges

A

no tissues or organs

no muscles or nerves

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20
Q

what is the sponge body like

A

loose colelction of different cell types

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21
Q

habitat of sponges

A

aquatic

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22
Q

skeleton of sponges

A

spongin of collagen

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23
Q

what do sponges use for defense

A

spicules

toxins

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24
Q

what are spicules made of

A

CaCO3 or silica

sharp

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25
Q

structure and funktion of choanocytes

A

collar cell
have flagella
capture food particles

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26
Q

structure and funktion of amoebocytes

A

moving amoeba

pseudopodia

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27
Q

how do sponges

A

filter feeding

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28
Q

ecological importance of filter feeding of sponges

A

keep bacteria and protists in balance and clean the water

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29
Q

cniderians belong in phylum

A

cnideria

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30
Q

how many tissue layers does cniderians

A

two

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31
Q

symmetry of cniderians

A

radial

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32
Q

what are nematocysts

A

capture prey with stinging cells

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33
Q

sessile

A

polyp form
asexually reproduce
juvenil

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34
Q

mobile form

A

medusa form
sexully reproduce
aduly
swimmer

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35
Q

cnidarians have a large digestive cavity called

A

mesoglea

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36
Q

three groups of cnidarians

A

hydrozoans
sea jellies
corals and sea anemones

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37
Q

hydrozoans

A

hydra

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38
Q

dominant stage of hydra

A

polyp

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39
Q

true jellyfish

A

aurelia

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40
Q

dominant stage of aurelia

A

medusa

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41
Q

coral and sea anemones dominant stage

A

lack medusa stage

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42
Q

nervous system of cnidarians

A

nerve net

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43
Q

phylum of flatworms

A

platyhelminthes

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44
Q

digestivr system of flatworms

A

protosome

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45
Q

free living means what

A

non parasitic

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46
Q

planarians are what

A

free living non parasitic

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47
Q

how do planarins feed

A

pharynx protrudes to catch food and enters gastrovasculae cavity and enters back into the body

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48
Q

reproductive system of planarians

A

monoecious

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49
Q

nervous system of planarians

A

lateral nerve cord and transverse nerve cord

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50
Q

tegument

A

tough outer body covering that protects them from the hosts immune system and digestion

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51
Q

how do parasitic flatworms attach

A

hooks and suckers

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52
Q

wht do parasitic flatworms have increased reproductive abilties

A

include vectors

most offspring dont make it through the life cycle

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53
Q

definitive host

A

sexual reproduction

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54
Q

intermediate host

A

asexual

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55
Q

life cycle of chinese liver fluke

A

notes

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56
Q

life cycle of blood fluke

A

notes

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57
Q

scolex

A

attachment structure with hook or suckers

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58
Q

proglottid

A

section of body contain male and female reproductive strucutres

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59
Q

diagram of human beef tapeworm

A

notes

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60
Q

slides of planarians, liver flukes, blood flukes, tapewroms

A

labs

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61
Q

phylum of rotifera

A

rotifera

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62
Q

habitat of rotifers

A

aquatic

freshwater

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63
Q

what do rotifers feed on

A

absorbs nutirents from hosts intestinal contents through body wall

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64
Q

rotifer slide

A

lab

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65
Q

parthogenesis

A

reproduction without fertilization

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66
Q

phylum of mollusks

A

mollusca

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67
Q

three body regions of mollusks

A

visceral mass
mantle
foot

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68
Q

visceral mass

A

contains all internal organs

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69
Q

mantle

A

covering that lies on either side of visceral mass

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70
Q

foot

A

muscular organ used for locomotion, attachment, digging

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71
Q

first group of animals to have a true what

A

coelom

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72
Q

three main groups of mollusks

A

bivalves
gastropods
cephalopods

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73
Q

bivalve cephalization

A

low or none

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74
Q

gastropod cephalization

A

medium

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75
Q

gastropod cephalization

A

very high

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76
Q

mobilitiy of bivalves

A

low

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77
Q

mobility of gastropods

A

medium

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78
Q

mobility of gastropods

A

very high

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79
Q

feedinf mode of bivalves

A

filter feeders

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80
Q

feeding mode of gastropods

A

herbivores

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81
Q

feeding mode of cephalopods

A

carnivores

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82
Q

distinguishing characreristic of bivalves

A

2 part shell

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83
Q

distinguishing characterisitc of gastripods

A

spiraled shell on many

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84
Q

distinguishing characterisircs of cephalopods

A

tentacles, arms, large eyes, very smary

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85
Q

example of bivalves

A

clams
oysters
mussles

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86
Q

examples of gastropods

A

snails

slugs

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87
Q

examples of cephalopods

A

nautilus

giant squid

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88
Q

trochophore larva

A

free swimming
sphere shaped
cilia

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89
Q

basic anatomy of clams

A

lab

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90
Q

circulatory system in mollusks

A

open circulatory system

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91
Q

segmented worm phylum

A

annelida

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92
Q

body cavity of segmented worms

A

fluid filled cavity

segmented

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93
Q

how many tissue layers does segmented worms have

A

three

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94
Q

type of skeleton segmented worms have

A

hydrostatic

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95
Q

setae

A

segmented worms

bristles

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96
Q

oligochaete

A

earthworms with few bristles

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97
Q

polychaete

A

marine worms have many bristles

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98
Q

circulatory system lf segmented worms

A

closed - blood vessels

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99
Q

nephridia

A

removes waste

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100
Q

parapodia

A

paddle liek appendages on body segments

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101
Q

what type of segmented worms have parapodia

A

polychaete marine worms

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102
Q

basic anatomy of earthworm

A

notes

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103
Q

two types of polychaetes

A

active carnivors

sessile tube dwellers

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104
Q

active carnivore polychaetes

A 
large jaws
developed head
sense organs
quick
mobile
parapodia
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105
Q

seasile tube dweller polychaetes

A

low cephalization
tentacles
feedinf appendages
reduces parapodia

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106
Q

oligochaetes cephalization

A

medium

107
Q

pokychaetes cephalization

A

high- carnivored

low- tube dwellers

108
Q

leeches cephalization

A

medium

109
Q

number of setae on oligochaetes

A

few

8 per segment

110
Q

number of setae on polychaetes

A

many

111
Q

number of setse on leeches

A

none

112
Q

feeding mode of oligochaetes

A

detritivores

113
Q

feeding modee of polychaete

A

carnivores

filter feeders

114
Q

feeding mode of leeches

A

scavengers
predators
parasites

115
Q

distinguishing characterisics of oligochaetes

A

few or no specilization

116
Q

distinguishing characteristcs of polychaetes

A

parapodia

tentalces in some

117
Q

distinguishing characterisitcs in leeches

A

flattened body

suckers

118
Q

earthworm slide

A

lab

119
Q

phylum of roundworm

A

nematoda

120
Q

number lf tissue layers in roundworms

A

3

121
Q

body cavity of roundworms

A

pseudocoelom (false body cavity)

122
Q

pseudocoelom incompletely lines eith

A

mesoderm

123
Q

digestive system of ecdysozoans

A

protosomes

124
Q

niche of roundworm

A

soil

free living

125
Q

life cycle of ascaris and trichinella

A

lab

126
Q

where are filarial worms found

A

asia

127
Q

where are pinworms found

A

usa

128
Q

how does filarial worms spread

A

mosquitoes

129
Q

how does pinworms spread

A

hands
clothing
bedding

130
Q

where in the host do filarial worms live

A

heart
arteries
lungs
dogs

131
Q

where in the host do pinworms live

A

intestines

132
Q

symptooms of filarial worms

A

elephantitis

133
Q

symptioms of pinworms

A

itchy anus

134
Q

phylum of arthopods

A

arthopoda

135
Q

how many tissue layers in arthopods

A

3

136
Q

five characterisitcs that contribute to success of arthopods

A 
exoskeleton
segmention
nervous system
respiratory organs
metamorphosis
137
Q

what is exoskeleton of arthopods made of

A

chitin

138
Q

incomplete metamorphisis

A

egg, nymph (mini adult), growth, adult

139
Q

complete metamorphosis

A

egg, larva, pupa, adult

140
Q

nervous system lf arthopods

A

brain and ventral cord with ganglia
sense organs
complex communication

141
Q

trachae

A

tubes delieve oxygen to individual cells

very efficient

142
Q

biramous appendages

A

dividing appendages into 2 branches

143
Q

arthopods that exhibit biramous appendagesw

A

crustaceans

144
Q

decapod crustaceans examples

A 
lobsters
crabs
crayfish
hermit crabs
shrimo
145
Q

recognize crustaceans

A

labs

146
Q

crayfish model

A

lab

147
Q

habitat of millipede and centipede

A

damp
dark
leaf litter
soil

148
Q

number of legs per segment in millipedes

A

2

149
Q

number of legs per segment in centipedes

A

1

150
Q

speed and activity of centipedes

A

active

fast

151
Q

speed and activity of millipedes

A

inactive

slow

152
Q

diet lf centipedes

A

carnivores

153
Q

diet of millipedes

A

detritivores

154
Q

defense for centipedes

A

speed

venom

155
Q

defense for millipedes

A

curl up

secrete toxins

156
Q

three parts of insects body

A

head
thorax
abdomen

157
Q

structures in insect head

A

mouth

sense organs

158
Q

organs in thorax of insects

A

3 pairs of legs

wings

159
Q

organs in abdomen of insects

A

internal organs

160
Q

group that is the most biologically successful of organisms

A

insects

161
Q

insect success features

A 
wings
appendages
mouthparts
pheremones
communication sounds
162
Q

ecological role of insects

A

pollination
food web members
scavengers

163
Q

chicerae

A

pincer like head appendages

164
Q

arthopods that have chelicerae

A

chelicerates

165
Q

body of chelicerate

A

cephalothorax

abdomen

166
Q

types of chelicerate

A

horshoe crab

167
Q

recognize arthopod specimesn and group

A

lab

168
Q

echinoderm phylum

A

echinodermata

169
Q

echinoderm symmetry as adults

A

radial

170
Q

echinoderm symmetry as larvae

A

bilateral

171
Q

digestive system of echinoderms

A

deutrosomes

172
Q

body cavity of echinoderms

A

fluid filled coelom

173
Q

ossicles

A

calcium plates

174
Q

five types of echinoderms

A 
sea stars
brittle stars
sea cucumbers
sea urchins
samd dollars
feather stars
175
Q

model of sea star

A

lab

176
Q

water vascular system

A

canals in body connected to the environment
unique trait of all echinoderms
madreporite, radial canal, ampulla, tube feet, ring canal

177
Q

embryo development lf chordates

A

deutrosomes

178
Q

four chordate characteristics

A

notochord
nerve cord
pharyngeal pouches
post anal tail

179
Q

chordate phylum

A

chordata

180
Q

two groupd of invertebrate chordates

A

cephalochordates (lancelets)

urochordates (tunicates/sea squirts)

181
Q

basic anatomy of lancelt

A

labr

182
Q

how do lancelets feed

A

filter feeding through pharyngeal gills and capture food particles in water

183
Q

where do lancelets live

A

marine

184
Q

sea squirts have how mant chordate characterisitcs

A

all 4

185
Q

two types of jawless fish

A

hagfish

lamprey

186
Q

jawless fish lack these vertebrate traits

A

jaws
scales
paired fins
vertebratws

187
Q

ammocoetes larva

A

larva of brook lamprey

can stay in metamorphosis for years

188
Q

ecothermy

A

body temp varies according to environmentals temperature

189
Q

external features of cartilagenous fish

A 
ventral mouth
fleshy fins
separate and exposed gill silts
tail with didferently sized lobes
tooth like placoid scales
190
Q

sense organs of cartilagenous fish

A

lateral line
electric current senese
great sense of smell

191
Q

types of cartilagenous fish

A

skates
rays
sharks

192
Q

fins of ray finned fish

A

fan shaped find supported by thin bony ray

193
Q

adaptions for skates and rays

A

bottom dwelling

feed on hard shelled invertebrates

194
Q

lobed fin fish

A

coelacanth

195
Q

model of bony fish

A

notes

196
Q

operculum in fish

A

protect their gills

197
Q

limbs of amphibians

A

four

198
Q

skin of amohibians

A

smooth and moist

199
Q

lungs of amphibians

A

simple sacs

200
Q

heart of amphibians

A

three chambers

201
Q

temp regualtuon of amphibians

A

ectothermic

202
Q

life cycle of amphibians

A

notes

203
Q

pattern of circulation in fish, amphibians, mamaal

A

notes

204
Q

do salamanders and newts have tails

A

yes

205
Q

do frogs have tails

A

no

206
Q

do caecilians have tails

A

no

207
Q

number of legs on salamanders

A

4

208
Q

number of legs on frogs

A

4

209
Q

number of legs on caecilians

A

none

210
Q

distinguishing characteristics of salamanders

A

unspecializes body

211
Q

distinguishing characterisircs of frogs

A

stout body

enlarged hind legs

212
Q

distinguishing characterisifcs of caecilians

A

blind burrowers

213
Q

reptiles are well adapted for life to land

A 
claws
scales
large lungs
3 or 4 chambered heart
kidneys
ectothermic
amniotic eggs
214
Q

amniotic egg

A

egg with amnion

215
Q

amniotic egg is important because

A

lay on land

216
Q

distinguishing characteristics of turtles

A

sternum and rib cage fused
toothless beak
expand to form shell

217
Q

distinguishing characteritics of lizards

A

basic body
4 limbs
tail

218
Q

distinguishing characteristics of snakes

A

no limbs, eyelids, ears
expandable jaw,
venom

219
Q

distinguishing characteristics of crocs

A

freshwater dwellers
predators
parental care
4 chamberwd heart

220
Q

skeletal system for flight

A 
air spaced bones
fusion of bones
keeled sternum
flexible
ribcage
221
Q

reproductive system for flight

A

shrinkage gonads seasonallt

only funktional left ovary

222
Q

respiratory system for flight

A

air sacs on lungs
one way flow
oxygenated in inhalation and exhalation
highly efficient

223
Q

feathers system for flight

A

modified scales
flight
thermal regulation
colors

224
Q

digestive system of flight

A

crop expands
gizzard for grinding
cloaca recieves products

225
Q

neevous system for flight

A

brain for lots of info
eye for head size
good hearing

226
Q

traits in mammals

A 
hair
mammary glands
skelton
heart
reproduction
227
Q

three groups of mammals

A

monotremes
marsupials
placental mammal

228
Q

example of maraupial

A

duckbill platypus

echidna

229
Q

example of marsupial

A

kangaroo
koala
opissums

230
Q

example of placental mammals

A

dogs
cows
humans

231
Q

basic funktions of basic organs in models

A

lab

232
Q

tissue

A

group of similar cells combines to perform a common funktion

233
Q

four types of tissues

A

epithelial
connective
muscular
nervous

234
Q

organ

A

combo of 2 or more different tissues performinf a common funktion

235
Q

funktion of urinary system

A

eliminate waste

236
Q

funktion of skeletal and muscle system

A

aquire materials and energy
support
movement
protection

237
Q

funktion of reproductive system

A

produce offapring

238
Q

funktion of nervous and endocrine system

A

coordinate body activities

hormones

239
Q

funktion of cardiovascular system

A

transport materials

240
Q

funktion of digestive system

A

aquire materials and energy

elminate waste

241
Q

funktion of respiratory system

A

exchange gases

242
Q

organs of urinary system

A

kidneys
bladder
urethra
ureters

243
Q

organs of skeletal and muscular system

A

bones

muscles

244
Q

organs of reproductive system

A 
vagina
uterus
fallopian tubes
ovaries
testis
prostate
epididymus
ejaculatory duct
penis
245
Q

organs of nervous and endocrine system

A 
brain
spinal cord
nerves
meninges
sense organs
glands
hypothalamus
pituitary
pancreaa
246
Q

organs of cardiovascular system

A 
heart
arteries
veins
capillaries
blood vessels
247
Q

organs of digestive system

A 
stomach
esophagus
small and large instestine
gallbladder
rectum
248
Q

organs lf respiratory system

A 
nose
mouth
pharynx
lungs
bronchi
trachea
249
Q

body cavities

A

ventral

dorsal

250
Q

3 ventral cavities

A

throacic
abdominal
pelvic

251
Q

2 dorsal cavities

A

cranial

vertebral

252
Q

organs in throacic cavity

A

esophagus
heart
lungs
bronchi

253
Q

organs in abdominal cavity

A

digestive organs

254
Q

organs in pelvic cavity

A

reproductive organs

255
Q

organs in cranial cavity

A

brain

256
Q

organs in vertebral cavity

A

spinal cord

257
Q

funktions of skin

A 
protects from drying out
protects against trauma
protects against pathogen invasion
regulate body temp
exchange gases
insulation
synthesized vitamen D
sensory
258
Q

structures in the skin

A

notes

259
Q

dendrites

A

recieve stimuli

260
Q

cell body

A

contains nucleaus

interpret info from dendrites and sends it to axon

261
Q

emits info and stimuli from cell body

A

axon

262
Q

homeostasis

A

maintence of normal internal condition in a cell or an organism by means of self regulating mechanisms

263
Q

negative feedbacm

A

output of system inhibits activity of system

264
Q

posistivr feedback

A

output of system intensifies and increases the activity of system

Bio 202 (3 decks)

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