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Textiles > UNIT 3 > Flashcards

UNIT 3 Flashcards

1
Q

CAA

A

computer aided administration
data is collected and accessed quickly to assist information management
stock control
monitoring people in the workplace

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2
Q

PPC

A

production planning and control

plans all aspects of manufacturing including materials, scheduling machines and people etc

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3
Q

COSHH

A

the law that requires employers to control substances that are hazardous to health

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4
Q

common substances that are harmful

A

paint, bleach, or dust from natural materials

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5
Q

what accounts for 80% of reported injuries

A

slips and trips
musculoskeletal
struck by moving objects
machinery

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6
Q

flatbed fusing press

A

two horizontal metal plates between which the fabric and interlining laminate are sandwiched

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7
Q

continuous fusing systems

A

passing a garment part, with its interlining placed on it, past a heat source and applying pressure

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8
Q

how is heat provided in a continuous fusing system

A

direct heating on a heated surface
indirect heating (heated chamber)
low temp gradient heating (reduces shrinking)

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9
Q

high frequency fusing

A

like continuous fusing systems but using high frequency energy like microwaves to heat through more layers at once

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10
Q

specialised fusing presses

A

flatbed fusing press
continuous fusing systems
high frequency fusing

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11
Q

steam press

A

this is for when the garment is completed as it provides uniormity

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12
Q

disadvantages of using a hand iron

A

the operator has to guess the time, they don’t know what temp is needed, and can’t apply pressure evenly

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13
Q

EDI

A

electronic data interchange
the structured transmission of data between organisations by electronic means e.g. emails
data control

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14
Q

EDP

A

electronic data processing

the use of automated methods to process commercial data e.g. EPOS

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15
Q

QRM

A

quick response manufacture

emphasises the benefits of reducing the time taken in manufacture

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16
Q

CIM

A

computer integrated manufacturing
the manufacturing approach of using computers to control the entire production process
communication between different departments

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17
Q

automatic blade cutting

A

numerically controlled knives cut multiple piles with accuracy

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18
Q

laser cutting

A

a powerful beam of light projected onto a small area to cut the fabric

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19
Q

lesser-beam cutting

A

concentrated light beam controlled by a computer (one layer of fabric cut)

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20
Q

water jet cutting

A

propelling a tiny jet of water through fabric at a high pressure to cut

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21
Q

fully manual methods of cutting

A

hand operated scissor

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22
Q

manually operated power knife

A

straight knife, band knife, round knife, die cutting, notcher, drill

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23
Q

mercerising

A

the yarn is treated to improve its strength, lustre, and receptivity to dye

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24
Q

what affects the strength of a dye colour

A 
amount of time in dye bath
absorbency of fibres
original fabric colour
concentration of the dye colour in the dye bath
effective use of mordant or fixative
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25
Q

methods screen printing

A

manual flat bed screen printing
industrial flatbed screen printing
rotary screen printing

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26
Q

hand produced batik

A

draw design with melted wax onto undyed fabric, when wax is hard dye or paint the fabric, iron between sheets of absorbent paper to remove wax

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27
Q

industrial produced batik

A

print dye to use as a resist, dye fabric, use heat finishing to remove the resin, fix the dye
use of machines to make it quicker

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28
Q

JET dying

A

fabrics sewn to form a continuous band and the fabric is moved by a high pressure jet of dye

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29
Q

semi-continuous dyeing

A

for colours that do not need to be changed quickly

fabric wound up onto a batching roller where it’s fixed

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30
Q

JIG dyeing machine

A

for fabrics that cannot be creased

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31
Q

how are fabrics (piece goods) dyed?

A

using the winch machine, fabric sewn to form a continuous band
used for lightweight woven and knitted fabrics

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32
Q

continuous dyeing

A

for colours that do not need to change too quickly

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33
Q

colour fastness

A

resistance of the material’s colour fading

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34
Q

international standard for fastness

A

ISO 105

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35
Q

list some decorative techniques

A 
block printing
sublimation
inkjet printing
stencilling
embroidery
quilting
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36
Q

spin dyeing

A

man made fibres are dyed while still liquid

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37
Q

stock dyeing

A

fibres are dyed

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38
Q

yarn dyeing

A

yarns dyed

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39
Q

piece dyeing

A

pieces of fabric

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40
Q

garment dyeing

A

when it’s finished

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41
Q

cross dyeing

A

two different fibres that react differently to dyeing for effect

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42
Q

global manufacture

A

when more than one country is involved in the production and processing of a product

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43
Q

continuous production

A

used to produce very high volume textiles products such as fibres, yarns, or fabrics

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44
Q

cellular manufacture

A

horseshoe, oval, or circular positions enables quick movement between stages

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45
Q

where is cellular manufacture used?

A

fashion/high street

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46
Q

cost of cellular manufacture

A

low cost to set up

higher product costing

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47
Q

use of ICT in cellular manufacture

A

EDI and QRM

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48
Q

straight-line manufacture

A

work is passed from one worker to the next until the product is finished and moved to other places in the factory such as finishing and pressing

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49
Q

progressive bundle system

A

garment components in bundles

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50
Q

synchro system

A

stages of work are in tune/depend on each other

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51
Q

UPS

A 
unit production system
in response to fashion changes
expensive to set up
also called overhead production system
Monsters inc
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52
Q

where is a progressive bundle system used

A

high volume staple products such as shirts

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53
Q

cost of progressive bundle system

A

high to set up but medium cost of the product

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54
Q

use of ICT in progressive bundle systems

A

CIM and PPC

55
Q

where is a synchro system used?

A

mass products like t-shirts

56
Q

cost of a synchro system

A

high to set up but low product cost

57
Q

use of ICT in a synchro system

A

CIM ad CNC

58
Q

JIT

A

just in time manufacture

actual orders provide a signa for when a product is manufactured

59
Q

advantages of JIT

A

lower stock holding means a reduction in storage which saves insurance and rent costs
less working capital is tied up in stock
less likelihood of stock perishing
avoids the build-up of unsold finished products

60
Q

disadvantages of JIT

A

little room for mistakes as minimal stock
production is reliant on suppliers (if stock not delivered on time the whole system is delayed)
no spare products to meet any unexpected orders

61
Q

One-off

A

a make through system designed for the assembly of one-off bespoke clothing and would be the most suitable system for haute couture

62
Q

advantages of one-off production

A

individual and innovative

changes can be made to item at every stage

63
Q

disadvantages of one-off production

A

time consuming
expensive
needs experienced proffessionals

64
Q

mass production

A

identical products using standardised materials, components, flat patterns, equipment, and manufacturing processes

65
Q

examples of some products made from mass production

A

yarns, underwear, uniforms, technical textiles

66
Q

advantages of mass manufacture

A

quick and cheap

67
Q

disadvantages of mass production

A

tighter quality control is needed
higher cost when machines fail
can’t respond to market changes

68
Q

reasons for adding a finish

A 
safer
last longer
change/improve appearance
fabrics' reactions to different environments
easier to care for
how the fabric feels
69
Q

mechanical finishes

A 
raising/brushing
calendering
shrinking
framing
shearing/cropping
pressing
pleating
70
Q

raising/brushing

A

fabric is passed over rollers covered with fine flexible wire brushes, these lift the fibres off the fabric to create a nap

71
Q

effects of raising/brushing a fabric

A

warm and soft feel

72
Q

dangers of raising/brushing a fabric

A

the fabrics must not be lifted too much as the fabric can be weakened

73
Q

calendering

A

fabric is passed between heated rollers under pressure

74
Q

effects of calendering

A

smooth the surface and comfact the fabric

improve the lustre

75
Q

chintz

A

fabric is impregnated with a resin to make it feel firm and lusturous

76
Q

moire

A

water-mark pattern is produced

77
Q

types of calendering

A

chintz
moire
embossing

78
Q

embossing

A

engraved calender rollers

79
Q

method of shrinking

A

fabric is steamed and allowed to relax on a vibrating table without tension, the fibres swell and make the fabric shrink in length and width

80
Q

reasons for applying shrinking as a finish

A

the fabric is made to shrink so that it will not shrink later

81
Q

framing

A

stretching on a senter frame to achieve correct and uniform width and smoothness

82
Q

what fabrics is framing used for

A

all types of fabric

83
Q

shearing/cropping

A

removes short hairs to make a level and uniform pile

84
Q

pressing (finish)

A

smoothing using heated pressing plates - not rollers

85
Q

pleating

A

permanent creases using heat setting for synthetics

86
Q

give some examples of chemical finishes

A 
water repellent
anti static
hygienic
anti-pilling
felting
moth proofing
87
Q

ways of applying a chemical finish: coating

A

the application of polymer resins to either the face or the back of the fabric to produced enhanced properties like easy care

88
Q

ways of applying a chemical finish: laminating

A

layering two or more different materials, these are bound together by adhesive

89
Q

trademark name for water-repellent finish

A

teflon

90
Q

trademark name for stain resistant finish

A

scotchgard

91
Q

trademark name for flame resistant finish

A

proban

92
Q

trademark name for hygienic chemical finish

A

sanitized

93
Q

trademark name for easy care finish

A

sanfor plus

94
Q

uses for water repellent finish

A

all weather clothing, tents, awnings etc

95
Q

uses for stain resistant finish

A

carpets, tablecloths

96
Q

what type of fabric uses an antistatic finish

A

synthetic fibres

97
Q

end uses for flame resistant finish

A

furnishing fabrics

98
Q

end uses for hygienic finish

A

fabrics for hospitals

99
Q

what type of fabric uses a rot proofing sinish

A

natural fabrics especially in technical textiles

100
Q

what type of fabric uses an anti pilling finish

A

wool and synthetics

101
Q

what type of fabric uses an easy care finish

A

cotton and viscose

102
Q

what type of fabric uses a felting finish

A

wool and animal hairs

103
Q

what type of fabric uses an anti-felting finish

A

wool

104
Q

what type of fabric uses a moth-proofing finish

A

wool

105
Q

procedure for applying a water-repellent finish

A

spraying with water repellent chemicals e.g. silicones

106
Q

procedure for applying an antistatic finish

A

conductivity enhancement

107
Q

objective of applying a flame resistant finish

A

makes the fabric difficult to ignite

108
Q

objective for applying a rot proofing finish

A

protection from organisms that promote decomposition

109
Q

objective for applying an easy care finish

A

reduces sensitivity to moisture and creasing

110
Q

TQM

A

total quality management system

assures that all products are made of the same quality

111
Q

ISO 9000

A

successful companies are awarded the international standard of quality

112
Q

CCPs

A

critical control points

where quality control checks take place

113
Q

examples of CCPs

A

raw materials
prototype
production
final product

114
Q

BSI kitemark

A

the symbol that gives consumers the assurance that the product they have bought really does conform to the appropriate British Standards and should therefore be safe and reliable

115
Q

CE mark

A

products such as new toys must meet legal requirements before being sold to the european community

116
Q

the lion mark

A

standards for toy safety

117
Q

examples of CAM

A

fabric printing, knitting, weaving, pattern drafting, grading, robotic control for garment construction, fabric cutting, controlled decoration, controlled construction, controlled pressing

118
Q

examples of CAD

A

design of fabrics, products, colour ways, modelling, patterns

119
Q

british standard for flammability of nightwear

A

BS 5722

120
Q

QA

A

quality assurance

manufacturers and retailers to customers

121
Q

QC

A

quality control

what they do in the factory

122
Q

what to do if they find a fault

A 
NACERAP
Name
Appearance
Cause
Effect
Repair
Action
Prevention
123
Q

production systems are named according to…

A

number of machines
machine layout
number of operators

124
Q

make through system

A

one person makes a one-off product

125
Q

positive for the workers for a make through system

A

more interesting as doing lots of different jobs

has a broader skill base

126
Q

drawbacks for a worker in a make through system

A

increased amount of pressure - if you get it wrong it’s your fault

127
Q

positive for workers in a progressive bundle system

A

becomes very highly skilled

can see quality easily

128
Q

drawbacks for workers in a progressive bundle system

A

only got one skill
relying on other people to get it right
feel isolated

129
Q

positive for workers in a team based production system

A

teams rewarded
organised to promote positive working
team!!! not the individual

130
Q

negatives for workers in a team based production system

A

pressure - you don’t want to be the one to let the team down

131
Q

CNC

A

computer numerical control

controls all machinery

132
Q

EPOS

A

electronic point of sale

up to date stock control

133
Q

CMT

A

cutting, making, trimming

manufacturer does it all (not sub-assembly)

134
Q

HLCC

A

home laundering consultative council

they do the care labels

Textiles (3 decks)

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