UNIT 2 Flashcards
one off production
expensive, made-to-measure, highly skilled workers
mass production
products that don’t change with fashion, identical, cost effective
progressive bundle system
teams produce parts of a garment to be passed onto the next team
EPOS
electronic point of sale, tills in the shops which give details of what is being sold
QRM
quick response manufacturing, produces garments quickly in response to customer demand
What does a fashion designer do?
creating designs by hand or CAD, keeping up-to-date with trends, work with buyers and forecasters to develop products
what does a retail buyer have to consider before buying?
customer demand, market trends, store policy
What does a merchandiser do?
ensure products appear at the right store a the right time, accurately forecast trends, plan stock levels
what does a fabric and garment technologist do?
works on the design, development, and production of fibres, yarns, and textiles
what does a visual merchandiser do?
design displays - window and in-store
fad
catch on well and peak quickly
example of a fad
jeggings
classic
practical, easy to use products that are always needed
example of a classic product
tights
standard product life cycle
most fashion products follow a standard cycle lasting about two years
example of a product with a standard life cycle
pencil skirt
characteristics of niche markets
large enough to be profitable, has demand growth potential, sufficiently differenciated
advantages of niche markets
less competition, clear focus, requires fewer resources
disadvantages of niche markets
lack of economies of scale, attracts competition, small number of customers
economy of scale
buy more so get it cheaper
examples of niche markets
industrial clothing, hoppy clothing, subculture clothing
ecommerce
refers to the buying and selling over the internet
examples of ethical issues
body image, fur, cultures
negative effects of major developments in textiles technology
more products so bad on environment
throwaway fashion
less employment so bad for economy
ethical issues (pressure to make garments cheaper so pay people less)
trickle down effect
style adopted by top of society and lower people try to copy it but once the lower people have it the top people don’t want it
example of trickle down effect
Burberry’s iconic check was easily copied and sold cheaply so now is rarely used
example of a trade fair
Premiere Vision, held twice a year in Paris
eco-fashion
clothes that take into account the environment, the health of consumers, and the working conditions of people in the fashion industry
risk assesment
identifying the risks and putting control systems in place to minimise the risk of injury or accident
HSE
(the health and safety executive) advises people of health and safety and sets regulations that employers must follow
BS5722
flammability of fabrics used in sleepwear and dressing gowns
performance textiles
for outdoor pursuits or sport - specific end use eg skiing or swimming
what is vivienne westwood best known for?
setting off the punk trend and being generally shocking and controversial
major developments in fibre production
non traditional fibre sources such as pineapple leaf
major developments in yarn production
heat treatments on yarn to give texture such as crimping or bulking
biomimetrics
fabrics that imitate nature
example of biomimetrics
fastskin by speedo - fabric for swimwear that acts like shark skin
the age of opulence
1900-1910
the health corset
invented by a french woman
confined the waist even more than before
s-bend
edwardian + heavily corseted
t-shape silhouette
huge hats and slimmer and straighter dresses
1908 ish
Paul Poiret
1900-1910
got rid of the corset
Boer war influence on fashion
1900-1910
men wore their uniforms to social events
fashion of the flappers
cloche hats, bobbed hair, short skirts
handbags in 1900-1910
women didn’t generally carry handbags
small, decorative, hung on delicate straps from the wrist
influence of the suffragettes in 1900-1910
tailored jackets and trousers called a tailor-made as more practical and masculine
Role of women in 1900-1910
Role as ornaments
Highly impractical dress style
Hobble skirts
1910-1920
Narrow at hem so women could only take small steps
An influential designer for 1910-1920 decade and his influences
Poiret
Art and design of the Middle East and India as seen with his Turkish skirt and harem skirt
Pneumonia blouse
1913
V neck neckline - the doctors warned it was a danger to health
How did dancing affect fashion in 1910-1920? And what types of dance were most popular?
Tango dress
Ragtime dance needed easy fitting dresses
Impact of WW1 on fashion
Skirts shorter
A lot of women having to work so styles were more practical
Chanel in 1910-1920
In 1916 her simple tops, skirts, and chemise dresses were popular
ethical issues in fashion
body image fur cultures consumption environment advertising forgeries sweatshops inequality blood diamonds
what does a colourist do
resourcing colours and producing mood boards
producing colour stories for the future
product classification groups
furnishing textiles
industrial textiles
performance textiles
geotextiles
permeable membranes made mainly from synthetic fibres, used in contact with soil or rocks in the construction of roads etc
examples of japanese designers
rei kawakubo
issey miyake
yohji yamamoto
examples of textiles designers
zika ascher
bronwy bancroft
sigrun berg
examples of young and british designers
j w anderson
charli cohen
molly goddard
describe the fashion of the edwardian era (1900-1910)
great ostentation and extravagance
men’s fashion 1900-1910
english gentlemen (correctly dressed)
kahki uniforms
uniforms for special occasions
influence of cinema and the russian ballet on fashion 1900-1910
interior decoration, jewellery, dress design more colourful
sports for women in 1900-1910
clothes more relaxed but by today’s standards still highly unsuitable
women’s hairstyles of the 1910s
dutch bob (short and straight) titus cut (wavy and feathery)
effect of ready made clothes in england and america 1910-1920
class distinction through dress was not quite so blatant
teenage dressing in 1910s
girls: called flappers
boys: more casual, use of home knitting
men’s fashion in 1910s
trench coat became popular by burberry’s of london
how was cinema an important influence on women in 1910s
heavily outlined eyes
sophisticated
headbands
long cigarette holders
dance in 1910s
jazz
why were there egyptian influences in the roaring twenties
the excavations of tutankhamen’s tomb
egyptian influences twenties
egyptian style motifs in embroidery on dresses, jackets, an coats
how high were the very short skirts of the twenties
5cm below the knee
new things in the twenties
cosmetics and sunbathing
garconne look
short, straight silhouette
deliberately flatten breasts
chanel in the twenties
use of jersey fabrics
little black dress
men’s fashion of the twenties
exaggeratedly wide flapping trousers known as oxford bags
literary and artistic figures eg cecil beaton had flamboyant style of dress that was not accepted
children’s fashio in the twenties
miniature versions of the adult fashions , simpler and easy fitting