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AP Gov > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

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U.S. Government Basics flashcards AP® U.S. Government flashcards
1
Q

mass media

A

the entire array of organizations through which information is collected and disseminated to the general public

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2
Q

muckracking

A

a form of journalism devoted to exploring misconduct by government businesses and individual politicians

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3
Q

yellow journalism

A

a form of newspaper publishing that featured pictures, comics, color and sensationalized news coverage

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4
Q

narrowcasting

A

targeting media programming at specific populations within society

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5
Q

press conference

A

meetings of public officials with reporters

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6
Q

policy agenda

A

the issues that attract the serious attention of public officials and other people actively involved in politics

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7
Q

policy entrepreneurs

A

people who invest their political capital in an issue to get it placed higher on the government agenda by using media to raise awareness

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8
Q

civic virture

A

the tendency to form small-scale associations for the public good

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9
Q

interest group

A

a collection of people or organizations that tries to influence public policy

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10
Q

disturbance theory

A

theory that interest groups form as a result of changes in the political system

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11
Q

transactions theory

A

public policies are the result of narrowly defined exchanges among political actors

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12
Q

collective good

A

something of value that cannot be withheld from a nonmember of a group; tax write-off or better environment

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13
Q

public interest group

A

an organization that seeks a collective good that will not selectively and materially benefit the members of the group

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14
Q

economic interest group

A

primary purpose of promoting the financial interests of its members

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15
Q

earmark

A

funds that an appropriations bill designates for specific projects within a state or congressional district

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16
Q

political action committee

A

a legal entity formed expressly for the purpose of contributing money to candidates and influencing electoral outcomes.

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17
Q

lobbyist

A

interest group representative who seeks to influence legislation that will benefit his or her organization or client through political or financial persuasion

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18
Q

lobbying

A

the activities of a group or organization that seek to persuade political leaders to support a group’s position

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19
Q

direct sponsorship

A

resources to shepard a case through the judicial system

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20
Q

elite theory

A

society is divided along class lines and upper class elite rules regardless of formal niceties of government organization

21
Q

pluralist theory

A

the theory that political power is distributed among a wide array of diverse and competing interest groups

22
Q

hyperpluralist theory

A

the theory that says too many groups are getting too much of what they want, resulting in a government policy that is often contradictory and lacking in direction

23
Q

free-rider

A

people who don’t join because they benefit without joining

24
Q

popular press

A

material written for the general public

25
Q

sound bite

A

a short extract from a recorded interview

26
Q

party press

A

when news editors receive money from political parties

27
Q

press briefing

A

a relatively restricted session between a press secretary or aide and the press

28
Q

Federal Communications Commission

A

independent regulatory agency

29
Q

press release

A

a document offering an official comment or position

30
Q

political agenda

A

a set of issues and policies

31
Q

political movement

A

a social group that operates together to obtain a political goal

32
Q

direct mail

A

unsolicited advertising sent to prospective customers through the mail

33
Q

grassroots lobbying

A

influencing government decision makers though indirect pressure (usually in the form of letters, emails, phone calls) from large numbers of constituents. This is also called indirect lobbying.

34
Q

amicus curiae

A

“friend of the court” briefs filed by interest groups to inform the court of their position and to state how their welfare would be affected by a ruling

35
Q

AFL-CIO

A

American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations

36
Q

NEA

A

National Education Association; teachers

37
Q

Chamber of Commerce

A

furthers the interests of businesses (economic)

38
Q

NAM

A

National Association of Manufacturers; represents industrial companies (economic)

39
Q

AMA

A

American Medical Association; sets standards and advocates for physicians

40
Q

ACLU

A

American Civil Liberties Union; defends rights of people in court

41
Q

NRA

A

National Rifle Association; promotion of second amendment rights (single issue)

42
Q

AARP

A

American Association of Retired Persons; benefits and rights for senior citizens

43
Q

NAACP

A

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People; rights of colored people

44
Q

League of Women Voters

A

encourages informed and active participation of citizens in government

45
Q

MADD

A

Mother’s Against Drunk Driving

46
Q

Sierra Club

A

environmental organization (public)

47
Q

NOW

A

National Organization for Women; feminist organization (ideological)

48
Q

movement

A

a large body of people interested in a common issue, idea, or concern that is of continuing significance and who are willing to take action; movements seek to change attitudes or institutions, not just policies

49
Q

litigation

A

interest groups use lawsuits to change policies that have already gone through the legislation process

AP Gov (7 decks)

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